Category #1
What is one difference between the cell organelle of cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
Cellular Respiration: Mitochondria. Photosynthesis: Chloroplast.
What process does fermentation allow to continue?
Fermentation allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration - an anaerobic process.
As a group, carefully consider and discuss the following statement: “Autotrophs can survive on their own because they make their own food. Heterotrophs can’t survive on their own because they rely on the autotrophs' reactants.” Do you agree with both statements? Why or why not?
The first statement is accurate. Autotrophs produce their own food Heterotrophs rely on autotrophs for energy and oxygen, but they specifically depend on the autotrophs' products (glucose and oxygen), not their reactants. Therefore, one is accurate while another is false.
What is the first step of alcoholic fermentation?
Glycolysis splits glucose and the products enter fermentation.
What process must take place before cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
What sugar is broken down during glycolysis?
Glucose
What are the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis: Light Energy + Water2 O + CO2 [right arrow] O2 + Glucose. Cellular Respiration: O2 + Glucose [right arrow] Water2 O + CO2 + ATP
What is the pigment in plants that absorbs light energy?
Chlorophyll
How does the energy used by an athlete during a football game come from the energy of sunlight?
Athletes obtain energy from food that contains solar energy captured by plants via photosynthesis. Their bodies then convert this chemical energy into fuel for physical performance.
How does photosynthesis relate to cars? Use one specific term.
Photosynthesis and cars are linked through the carbon cycle. Plants capture atmospheric carbon to create fuel (biomass or fossil fuels), which cars then burn, releasing that carbon back into the atmosphere to repeat the cycle.
How does decay work in carbon cycle?
Explain decay is nature’s way of recycling. Decomposers, like fungi and bacteria, eat dead matter and release carbon back into the earth and air. Some of this buried organic material also eventually becomes fossil fuels, like gasoline, which release carbon when burned.
Name the bacteria used in lactic acid fermentation to create food items like cheese and yogurt.
Lactobacillus
What is the similarities between NADPH and NADH?
NADH and NADPH are both essential cellular coenzymes (speeds the process) that carry electrons in redox reactions. Electron donors in their reduced forms.
Is fermentation an aerobic or anaerobic process?
Anaerobic
What is the differences between NAD+ and NADP+?
NAD+ is the primary carrier for breaking molecules (catabolism) in respiration, while NADP+ is used for building them (anabolism) in photosynthesis. Both are oxidized forms.
What are the two types of fermentation?
Lactic acid and alcoholic
Explain the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis.
Inside the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, chlorophyll absorbs sunlight to trigger photolysis, which is the process of splitting water molecules. This reaction produces oxygen as a byproduct.
Which living organisms undergo photosynthesis?
A.Algae
B. Plants
C. Cyanobacteria
D.All of the above
D.All of the above
Explain the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis.
The Calvin Cycle (light-independent reactions) in the chloroplast's stroma converts atmospheric \(CO_{2}\) into energy-rich sugars.
Which cells in humans use lactic acid fermentation?
Muscle cells
What is the main purpose of photosynthesis? Describe in less than 15 words.
This process converts sunlight into chemical energy (glucose) to fuel plant growth and sustain the biological cycle.
What is the cycle that occurs during cellular respiration?
Krebs cycle in mitochondrion matrix
Fill in the blank: ________ capture light in the _____________ .
Autotrophs; chloroplasts
Which process occurs in both plants and animals?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Cellular Respiration
C. Both
B. Cellular Respiration
What molecule is present in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis?
A. Glucose
B. Pyruvate
C. ATP
D. Lactic acid
C. ATP