Passive Transportation
What is the process where molecules move from high to low concentration without energy?
Diffusion
What type of transport moves molecules from low to high concentration using energy?
Active transportation
In what type of solution does a cell swell and possibly burst?
Hypotonic
What type of proteins help with facilitated diffusion?
Channel Protein
Why do grocery stores spray water on vegetables?
To keep the plant cells in a hypotonic solution, so they do not wilt
What type of diffusion involves water moving across a membrane?
Osmosis
What molecule provides energy for active transport?
ATP
What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?
Hypertonic
What happens to ATP during the sodium potassium pump?
Turns into ADP and then back to ATP at the end of the process
Why do IV fluids need to be isotonic?
To keep the cells from swelling or shrinking
What type of transport requires a protein channel but no energy?
Facilitated Diffusion
The sodium-potassium pump moves sodium ___ of the cell and potassium ___ the cell.
A solution with equal water concentration inside and outside the cell is called?
Isotonic
What is the role of channel proteins?
To create a tunnel for molecules to pass through
How does salt preserve food?
What is the difference between facilitated diffusion and diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion requires an integral protein
What type of transport involves a cell engulfing large molecules in vesicles? Which involves releasing unwanted material?
Endocytosis, Exocytosis
Lyses
Aquaporins are specialized proteins that move what molecule?
Water
Why do oxygen and carbon dioxide move easily across cell membranes?
They are small and nonpolar
What type of molecules can pass directly through the phospholipid bilayer without a protein?
Small nonpolar molecules
What moves unwanted material out of the cell?
Why do freshwater fish have to constantly expel water from their bodies?
They live in a hypotonic environment
What protein helps water move across the membrane faster?
Aquaporin
How do plant root cells absorb minerals from the soil, even when the concentration inside the root is higher than in the soil?
Active Transportation