DNA Basics
What molecule stores genetic information?
DNA
RNA is ___________ (single or double) stranded
Single
The central dogma describes the flow of
What macromolecule is produced during translation?
Protein
You can use this type of chart to determine an amino acid from an mRNA codon.
Codon Chart
What shape describes the structure of DNA?
Double helix
What process turns DNA into RNA?
Transcription
Fill in the blank: DNA --> ________ --> Protein
RNA
What are proteins made of?
Amino Acids
This is the specific 3-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a single amino acid
Codon
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
A, T, C, G
What base is found in RNA but not DNA?
Uracil
What two processes make up the central dogma?
Transcription and Translation
Anticodon
A codon is a group of how many RNA bases?
Three (3)
Which bases pair together in DNA?
A--T
C--G
Which enzyme is responsible for transcription?
RNA polymerase
What are the 3 types of RNA?
rRNA, mRNA, tRNA
Which type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome by binding to the mRNA with an anticodon?
tRNA
What amino acid does the codon AUG code for?
Methionine (Met)
Where is DNA found in a eukaryotic cell?
Nucleus
If you have the following DNA sequence, what is the mRNA sequence?
ATTGGCAT
TAACCGTA
UAACCGUA
Why is the central dogma important?
It explains how genes produce traits/how proteins are made
What determines the order of amino acids in a protein?
The sequence of codons on mRNA
Phenylalanine (Phe)