Alphabet Soup
Contains the genetic code
What is DNA?
This protein building block contains both an amino group and a carboxylic acid
What is an amino acid?
DNA; RNA
What are nucleic acids?
Determines the order of nucleotides in DNA
The two ends of a nucleic acid strand
What are the 5' and 3' ends?
Also referred to as a transcript
What is RNA?
The three letters that code for an amino acid
What is a codon?
Thymine; Cytosine
What are pyrimidines?
Separates DNA fragments according to size
What is agarose gel electrophoresis?
A purine always pairs with this
What is a pyrimidine?
The monomer of DNA
What is a dNTP?
Produced by reverse transcription, this is complementary to a segment of RNA
What is complementary DNA?
Coding strand; Template strand
What are the two strands of a gene?
Amplifies the amount of DNA present in a sample
What is PCR?
The process of removing introns
What is splicing?
Located upstream of the transcription start site; determines how a gene is transcribed
What is the CRM?
This protein regulates the rate of transcription
What is a transcription factor?
Exon; Intron
What are the regions of a eukaryotic transcript?
Determines whether a specific sequence of nucleotides is present in DNA
What is hybridization?
Collectively, the processes of transcription and translation
What is gene expression?
The continuous stretch of codons that is read to translate a gene
What is the ORF?
The physical representation of a gene
What is the phenotype?
miRNA; lncRNA
What are regulatory RNAs?
Determines the transcription or gene expression profile of a sample
What is a microarray?
The region where RNA polymerase binds to a gene
What is the core promoter?