Generations
These antibacterials are chemically similar to penicillin's
What are cephalosporins?
Cephalosporins destroy bacteria by attacking this part of the cell.
What is the bacterial cell wall?
Cefazolin is commonly used for this surgical purpose.
What is surgical prophylaxis?
Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea fall under this category.
What are common GI side effects?
Patients must do this even if symptoms improve.
What is complete the full antibiotic course?
Prototype first-generation cephalosporin.
What is cefazolin?
They bind to these proteins to inhibit cell wall synthesis.
What are penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)?
Cephalexin is used to treat infections caused by this gram-negative organism.
What is E. coli?
Do NOT give cephalosporins to patients with this severe allergy.
What is a penicillin allergy?
Bacteria produce this enzyme that breaks the beta-lactam ring.
What is beta-lactamase?
Generation with improved Gram-negative coverage, including ceftriaxone.
What is third generation?
Most cephalosporins are given via these routes due to poor GI absorption.
What are IV or IM?
First-generation cephalosporins treat infections caused by these bacteria.
What are Staphylococcus & Streptococcus?
Use cautiously in patients with this organ impairment.
What is renal impairment?
Cephalosporins can have cross-sensitivity with this drug class.
What are penicillins?
Used for surgical prophylaxis due to high blood levels and less frequent dosing.
What is cefazolin?
Cephalosporins belong to this antibiotic class.
What are beta-lactam antibiotics?
Cephalosporins treat infections in these tissues, including osteomyelitis.
What are bone & joint infections?
A life-threatening allergic reaction to look for.
What is anaphylaxis?
Encourage patients to take meds with this to decrease stomach upset.
What is food or milk?
As generations increase, coverage improves for these organism types.
What are gram-negative organisms or anaerobes?
Stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis that is inhibited.
What is the third or final stage?
Class of infections treated by second-generation drugs like cefoxitin.
What are Gram-negative respiratory or abdominal infections?
Severe diarrhea with blood or mucus could indicate this.
What is C. difficile infection?
Type of bacteria that develop resistance via efflux pumps & blocked entry.
What are Gram-negative organisms?