Etiology and Epidemiology
This is the proportion of children with cerebral palsy who are born pre-term.
What is 40%
The best way to start a passive heelcord stretch is in this position.
What is hip, knee and ankle flexion?
In this level of the GMFCS, a 6 year old child can walk without assistive devices and may choose to use a wheelchair for longer distances.
What is GMFCS level II?
This medication is used to treat spasticity by injection directly into the spinal cord.
What is intrathecal baclofen?
This tone abnormality is commonly present in ataxic CP.
What is hypotonia?
This cause of brain damage was once thought to be a major cause of cerebral palsy. We now know it causes only a small proportion of causes.
What is birth asphyxia?
This intervention was originally thought to increase spasticity but is now known as an important part of intervention for children with cerebral palsy.
What is muscle strengthening?
In this GMFCS classification level, a child may take steps with a body weight support walker.
What is GMFCS level IV?
Botulinum injections last this amount of time.
What is 3-6 months?
One of the following is not an impairment associated with CP. a. persistent primitive reflexes b. abnormal patterns of movement c. tone abnormalities d. paralysis
What is paralysis?
This cause of brain damage is most likely to cause unilateral cerebral palsy.
What is perinatal stroke?
A hamstring shift of more than 20 degree in a child who walks with crouch gait and anterior pelvic tilt suggests that this intervention may be beneficial.
What is core strengthening?
According to the Gross Motor Curves based on the GMFM, this age-90 trend occurs with increasing GMFM levels.
What is decreasing age-90?
If children with CP have hip migration at or above this %, they are often referred to an orthopedic surgeon.
What is 30%?
These four leg muscle groups are most prone to contracture in children with cerebral palsy.
What are hip flexors, hamstrings, adductors, and gastrocnemii?
These two grades of intraventricular hemorrhage represent higher risk for cerebral palsy.
What are grades III and IV?
This type of intervention originated in Hungary and includes ++ repetitive movement, often to music.
What is conductive education?
This region of the brain is affected in unilateral cerebral palsy.
What is one side of the motor cortex?
These two surgical interventions would likely be considered if muscle contractures were contributing to equinus, scissoring gait.
What are gastrocnemius and adductor lengthenings?
Individuals with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy who present with crouch gait, may have weakness in these four muscles and muscle groups.
What are hip extensors, core muscles, quadriceps, soleus?
This type of cerebral palsy is most likely to be associated with premature rupture of membranes.
What is bilateral, spastic cerebral palsy (spastic diplegia)?
It is possible to using carrying positions to stretch this muscle group in a child with hypertonia.
What are hip adductors?
This type of cerebral palsy tone abnormality is characterized by a wide base of support, unstable gait and poor balance.
What is ataxic cerebral palsy?
A child with cerebral palsy typically wears this type of brace to decrease ankle plantarflexion during gait.
What is an ankle foot orthosis?
True of False? All children with cerebral palsy have co-existing cognitive impairments.