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What is the central sulcus?
The central sulcus is a groove that separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe and divides the primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex.
What is the function of the primary somatosensory cortex?
The primary somatosensory cortex, located in the postcentral gyrus, processes sensory information such as touch, temperature, and pain from the body.
What is the function of the Broca area (motor speech area)?
The Broca area, located in the frontal lobe (typically the left hemisphere), is involved in the production of speech and motor control for speaking.
What are projection tracts?
Projection tracts connect the cerebrum to lower parts of the CNS, such as the spinal cord, and carry sensory and motor information.
Where is the pons located and what are its key functions?
The pons is located between the midbrain and medulla oblongata. It plays a role in regulating breathing and sleep, and it serves as a relay between the cerebrum and cerebellum.
What is the transverse fissure?
The transverse fissure is the groove that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum.
What is the function of the primary auditory cortex?
The primary auditory cortex, located in the temporal lobe, processes sounds and is involved in hearing.
What is the function of the Wernicke area?
The Wernicke area, located in the temporal lobe (typically the left hemisphere), is responsible for the comprehension of speech and understanding language.
What are the major components of the diencephalon?
The major components of the diencephalon are the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and subthalamus.
Where is the medulla oblongata located and what are its key functions?
The medulla oblongata is located at the base of the brainstem, connecting the brain
What is the precentral gyrus?
The precentral gyrus is the area of the frontal lobe involved in voluntary motor control, located just in front of the central sulcus
What is the function of the primary visual cortex?
The primary visual cortex, located in the occipital lobe, processes visual information from the eyes.
How do the Broca area and Wernicke area differ in location and function?
The Broca area controls speech production and is located in the frontal lobe, while the Wernicke area controls language comprehension and is located in the temporal lobe.
Where is the thalamus located, and what is its main function?
The thalamus is located in the diencephalon and acts as a relay station for sensory information, directing signals to the appropriate regions of the cerebral cortex.
What is decussation?
Decussation refers to the crossing of nerve fibers from one side of the body to the other, which occurs at various points in the brainstem or spinal cord.
What is the postcentral gyrus?
The postcentral gyrus is the region of the parietal lobe that processes sensory information, located just behind the central sulcus.
What is the function of the primary olfactory cortex?
The primary olfactory cortex, located in the temporal lobe, processes smells (olfactory information).
What are association tracts in the brain?
Association tracts connect different regions within the same cerebral hemisphere and are responsible for communication between areas of the same hemisphere.
What are the three subdivisions of the brainstem?
The three subdivisions of the brainstem are the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
What are the functional implications of decussation?
Decussation explains why motor control and sensory perception from one side of the body are processed by the opposite side of the brain.
What is the function of the primary motor cortex?
The primary motor cortex, located in the precentral gyrus, is responsible for voluntary motor control of muscles.
What is the function of the primary gustatory cortex?
The primary gustatory cortex, located in the insula, processes taste information.
What are commissural tracts?
Commissural tracts connect the right and left cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them. The corpus callosum is a major commissural tract.
Where is the midbrain located and what are its key functions?
The midbrain is located between the diencephalon and pons. It contains structures like the cerebral peduncles (for motor control), superior colliculi (for visual reflexes), and inferior colliculi (for auditory reflexes).