Cardiology
A patient has chest pressure, diaphoresis, jaw pain, and takes aspirin, nitroglycerin, and atorvastatin. Your leading diagnosis is this.
Acute coronary syndrome (Heart attack)
This abnormal lung sound is caused by narrowed bronchioles vibrating as air passes through them.
Wheezing
This medication class immediately makes you more concerned after a patient falls and hits their head.
Blood thinners (anti-coagulant)
The "T" in BE-FAST stands for this critical piece of history.
Last Known Well (Time)?
A. The heart pumps blood throughout the arteries
B. The brain maintains a long-term store of glucose for energy
C. The alveoli is the location of gas exchange in the lungs
B. The brain maintains a long-term store of glucose for energy
This heart rhythm commonly causes blood clots that can travel to the brain and produce strokes.
Atrial fibrillation
This medication is the most common rescue inhaler used during asthma attacks.
Albuterol
Metformin is most commonly prescribed for this disease.
Type 2 diabetes
This is the most common type of stroke.
Ischemic stroke
A. Hypoglycemia can cause confusion and combativeness.
B. Metformin commonly causes severe hypoglycemia by itself.
C. Blood glucose should be checked early in patients with altered mental status.
B. Metformin commonly causes severe hypoglycemia by itself.
These lung sounds are commonly heard in pulmonary edema caused by congestive heart failure.
Crackles
This disease permanently destroys alveoli and is most commonly caused by smoking.
COPD/emphysema
This condition should always be ruled out before assuming a patient is simply intoxicated or having a stroke
hypoglycemia
In stroke:
A. The exact time the patient was last known well is important.
B. Symptoms that completely resolve can still represent a serious neurologic emergency.
C. A normal blood glucose level rules out stroke.
C. A normal blood glucose level rules out stroke.
This symptom causes many CHF patients to sleep sitting upright instead of lying flat.
Orthopnea
This disease commonly presents with fever, productive cough, and localized crackles.
Pneumonia
This class of drugs reduces cholesterol and is commonly seen in patients with coronary artery disease
Statins
This period of confusion immediately follows many generalized seizures.
Postictal
A. Pulse oximetry is the best measure of respiratory function
B. Oxygen is a medication that should only be used when specifically indicated
C. There are 3 lobes of the right lung but only 2 of the left lung
A. Pulse oximetry is the best measure of respiratory function
This medication class removes excess fluid from the body and includes Lasix and Bumex.
Diuretics
A patient has sudden shortness of breath, clear lung sounds, recent knee surgery, and is taking birth control pills.
Pulmonary embolism
This drug/class of drug can cause lower leg edema
Calcium channel blockers (nefidipine/amlodipine)
A patient suddenly develops left arm weakness and slurred speech while eating dinner. By the time you arrive 20 minutes later, all symptoms have completely resolved.
TIA
A. A patient with severe asthma may stop wheezing if very little air is moving.
B. Stridor usually suggests an upper airway obstruction.
C. Wheezing and stridor are produced by the same part of the airway.
C. Wheezing and stridor are produced by the same part of the airway.