Going Through Phase Changes
What is volume?
the amount of space something takes up
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space and has mass
How is ice created?
liquid water freezes at 0*C into a solid
What is the most commonly used measurement for temperature in the world?
Celsius
How are potholes created?
Concrete and asphalt expand and contract due to extreme temperatures. Eventually it cracks open.
What is mass?
the amount of matter
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas
True/False: Water molecules expand as they freeze
TRUE
Who invented the Celsius scale?
Anders Celsius
How does a layer of ice protect aquatic life?
it creates a protective barrier
What is the phase change from a solid to a liquid called?
melting
What are particles?
the tiny atoms that make up all matter
Why does ice float?
It is less dense than liquid water
What degree is both a freezing point and a melting point?
0*C
What are 2 main factors that engineers have to consider when building infrastructure?
Climate/Temperature and Materials
What is the phase change from a liquid to a gas called?
evaporation
What happens when particles heat up?
They have more energy, so they move more and take up more space
At what temperature is ice less dense than water?
4*C
How does a thermometer work?
The liquid rises and falls due to thermal expansion
How do joint expansions work?
They allow for infrastructure to expand or contract due to the weather.
Are phase changes reversible?
Yes
What happens when particles are cooled down?
They have less energy and move less, so they move closer together
What is it called when condensation becomes a solid (ice or snow)?
deposition
What is thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion occurs when particles heat up and move further apart, causing the matter to take up more space.
What are the consequences of damaged infrastructure?
unsafe infrastructure and possible catastrophe