Ch. 08 Human Growth and Development
Acceptance
The final stage of grief where an individual understands and resigns themselves to the reality of death or loss.
Adolescence
Life stage from ages 12 to 18; characterized by puberty and the transition from childhood to adulthood.
affection
A warm or fond feeling toward another; a basic emotional need.
alzheimers disease
An irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills.
Anger
The second stage of grief; occurs when an individual cannot deny reality and asks, "Why me?"
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening and narrowing of the arteries, often seen in late adulthood, which can decrease blood flow to the brain.
bargaining
The third stage of grief; occurs when patients try to negotiate for more time to live.
chemical abuse
Use of alcohol or drugs to a level that can lead to physical or mental harm.
cognitive
Refers to intellectual processes, including thought, awareness, and judgment.
compensation
A defense mechanism where a person substitutes one goal for another to achieve success.
defense mechanisms
Unconscious acts that help a person deal with unpleasant situations or socially unacceptable behavior.
Daydreaming
A defense mechanism involving dreamlike thought while awake to escape reality.
denial
The first stage of grief; a refusal to believe that a loss or terminal illness is happening.
depression
The fourth stage of grief; characterized by deep sadness or despair when the reality of loss sets in.
development
The functional or mental changes and stages that occur throughout life.
displacement
Transferring feelings about one person to someone else (e.g., yelling at a spouse because you are mad at a boss).
early adulthood
Life stage from ages 19 to 40; involves career choices, independence, and starting families.
early childhood
Life stage from ages 1 to 6; involves rapid physical growth and social interaction.
emotional
Refers to feelings such as love, hate, joy, fear, and excitement.
The need for self-respect and the approval or respect of others.
Growth
The physical changes that take place in the body, such as height and weight.
hospice
Care that provides support for terminally ill patients and their families, focusing on comfort rather than cure.
Infancy
Life stage from birth to 1 year; characterized by total dependence on caregivers.
Late adulthood
Life stage starting at age 65; involves physical decline and reflection on life.
Late Childhood
Life stage from ages 6 to 12; characterized by a focus on school and peer groups.