Anatomy & Phys/ Levels of Organization
An organ system is defined as a group of ___________________ that function together.
organs
Name three examples of positive feedback.
blood clotting, adrenaline secretion, uterine contractions at childbirth
Which organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells AND storage of inorganic salts?
Skeletal System
Anatomical term (mainly used when comparing body parts on the extremities), that means CLOSER to the trunk
Proximal
The skin belongs to the _______________system.
Integumentary
Describe anatomical position
Standing erect, face forward, upper limbs at the side, PALMS FORWARD
Homeostasis is defined as...
the tendency of the body to maintain a stable internal enviornment
What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?
1) Move blood through the blood vessels
2)TRANSPORTS SUBSTANCES THROUGHOUT THE BODY (hormones, blood cells, gases, wastes...)
This word means on the SAME side as compared to another part
Ipsilateral
What is the MAJOR function of the respiratory system?
Exchange of gases between blood and air
Please explain the statement "STRUCTURE IS ALWAYS RELATED TO FUNCTION" by using an animal example
Answers will vary.
Ex: Pelican's beak is designed like a scoop so that they can scoop up fish from the ocean
Positive feedback mechanisms usually produce what type of conditions?
move conditions AWAY from the normal state
What are the 3 major functions of the muscular system?
1. Move body parts 2. Maintains posture 3. Primary source of body heat
Anatomical term to describe when a body part is in BETWEEN two other body parts
Intermediate
The anatomical term for when an organ is on the OPPOSITE side of the mid line from another organ is
Contralateral
Define Anatomy vs. physiology
Anatomy: examines the structures or MORPHOLOGY, of body parts-- how they are organized. Think LOCATION
Physiology: FUNCTIONS of body parts- what they do and how they do it
Name an example of an EFFECTOR used in homeostasis for temperature regulation
Effectors--> muscles/glands
Muscles: Shivering to warm up your body
Glands: Sweating to cool down the body
The endocrine system uses ________________ to control metabolic activities in the body
Hormones
Anatomical term that describes when an organ is situated AWAY from the midline
Lateral
TRUE OR FALSE:
Homeostasis is a condition whereby body parts function only when the concentrations of water, food substances, and oxygen remain perfectly static and DO NOT VARY.
False. They will always vary, and sometimes need to, but must remain within certain LIMITED ranges. (Ex 97 F-98 F would be considered normal)
*Homeostatic mechanisms would not be able to handle dramatic ranges that fluctuate greatly from very high to very low values Ex: 95 F-105 F
Please list (in order from smallest to biggest) the Levels of Organization.
1. subatomic particles 2. atoms 3. molecules 4. macromolecules 5. organelles 6. cells 7. tissues 8. organs 9. organ system 10. organism
Negative feedback loops function to maintain a stable internal environment. Please name 3 examples of negative feedback.
1. Blood sugar regulation 2. Temperature regulation 3. Blood pressure regulation
This organ system is responsible for transporting tissue fluid and also houses the body's disease-fighting cells
Lymphatic system
Draw and label three stick figures showing the 3 different types of planes.
Saggital (right and left portions) Transverse (top and bottom portions) Coronal (front and back portions)
Draw a diagram showing the homeostatic mechanisms in their proper order-- AND a short description of their function
Stimulus------receptors------control center-----effectors------response