Overflow water and sediment from a flooded river most likely goes to the ________ _______.
What is: flood plain.
100
Tsunamis are formed by _________ ______________.
What is: underwater earthquakes.
100
The Great Lakes were formed by _________ _____________.
What is: Glacier movement.
100
In the ocean, wave energy is ____________ at the water's surface.
What is: strongest.
100
_____________ is the process that forms a delta.
What is: Deposition.
200
Farmers plant a cover crop to __________ the amount of soil ________.
What is: reduce / erosion.
200
The land drained by the river is called its __________ _________.
What is: drainage plain.
200
T/F: The important difference between erosion and weathering is that weathering involves the movement of material from one place to another.
What is: False. EROSION is the movement of material.
200
Plant roots growing into cracks of rocks and making the cracks larger is an example of ____________ ____________.
What is: Mechanical Weathering.
200
Canyons in Badlands National Park were formed by ________ as water dug into Earth.
What is: erosion.
300
T/F: The amount of salt in oceans has decreased over thousands of years.
What is: False. It has indeed increased.
300
The ____________ of ocean waves are smaller on a calm day. Hint: The difference in height from resting water to its crest or trough.
What is: amplitude.
300
What is the main process that shapes Earth's surface? Hint: Water __________ ___________.
What is: water running downhill.
300
Sand dunes are formed by ___________.
What is:wind.
300
A ___________ is formed when sediment from the shoreline is moved to an area in the water.
What is: sandbar.
400
What determines the color of the beach? What makes some beaches dark, and others light colored?
What is: the source of sand and rock.
400
What forms on the ocean floor when dissolved minerals settle out of water?
What is: mineral deposits.
400
What's the difference between crest and trough on a wave?
What is: The crest is the peak (or highest part) of the wave, and the trough is the lowest part of the wave.
400
What is the difference between amplitude and wavelength?
What is: Amplitude measures the height between resting water to the crest OR the height between resting water to the trough. Wavelength is the distance from one crest to the next crest OR one trough to the next trough.
400
Grab a whiteboard and marker. Draw and label the 4 parts of a wave: amplitude, crest, trough, and wavelength.
Check your answers with the book on page 279. Make sure all 4 parts are labeled correctly in order to earn these 400 points.
500
Explain why a river deposits heavier sediment first and lighter sediment later as it flows along.
Heavier sediments are deposited first because the water has more energy and can carry heavier sediments before it slows down. As the water slows down, it carries less sediment and lighter sediment. These lighter sediments are deposited after the heavier ones.
500
Name 2 forces that change coastal landforms and give an example of each.
Waves crash into shorelines and erode away sediment. They can also carry sediments that can wear down landforms. Wind can blow loose sand into piles called dunes.
500
Compare and contrast weathering and erosion.
Similar: They both are natural processes that shape Earth. Different: Weathering is the breaking down of rock into pieces called sediment. Erosion is how these sediments are moved from one place to another by either wind, water, or ice.
500
Compare and Contrast erosion and deposition.
Compare: They are both natural processes that shape Earth's surface. Contrast: Erosion is how sediment is moved around (wind, water, ice). Deposition is where the sediment is deposited (or dropped).
500
Name two kinds of erosion and give an example of each.
What is: Wind erosion and water erosion. Wind erosion is erosion caused by wind. Wind could blow away loose soil on fields that are not anchored down by moisture or roots. Water erosion is erosion caused by water. Rivers (water) could wash sediment down the side of a mountain.