Types
Cannabinoids released from trichomes on cannabis plants, including, for example, THC and CBD.
Phytocannabinoids
At low doses MDMA prevents the storage of 5-HT and causes its synaptic reuptake transporters to run in reverse, but at high doses MDMA has the same effect on 5-HT and this other monoamine neurotransmitter.
Dopamine
After consuming cannabis the blood vessels around your eyes will swell resulting in reddening of the conjunctiva and you might have a strong desire to eat, often referred to as having this by users.
The munchies
Chronic use of LSD might result in the thinning of the posterior cingulate cortex, an area involved in this neural network that is active during periods of inattention.
Default mode network
MDMA use reduces clinical symptoms for this psychiatric disorder caused by trauma.
PTSD
MDMA (3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is the most representative drug for this category of psychedelics.
Mixed stimulant-psychedelic
Endocannabinoids are different than most of the neurotransmitters we have discussed, for example both anandamide and 2-AG do not do this when synthesized.
Not stored in synaptic vesicles
Consuming psychedelics like LSD or psilocybin might impair a person’s ability to solve Kanizsa shapes in this type of task.
Modal object completion
Long after a psychedelic drug such as MDMA or LSD has been metabolized a user might experience recurring, lengthy, and unpleasant memories from a previous ‘trip’.
Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder
Effective at combating nausea and vomiting for those going through chemotherapy.
Cannabis
The structure of this drug closely resembles serotonin and probably accounts for its effects by acting through 5-HT neurotransmission.
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
Salvinorin A binds to this opioid receptor
Kappa
PCP use results in out-of-body experiences, depressant-like effects at low doses, stimulate-like effects at moderate to high doses, and impairs this psychological faculty.
Memory
The stimulant-like effects of MDMA can potentially result in severe medical events associated with hyperthermia and dehydration.
Multiple organ failure
Unclear whether tolerance develops, but its estimated that about half of its users qualify for a diagnosis of a substance use disorder.
MDMA
PCP (phencyclidine) and ketamine belong to this class of psychedelics that might provide an out-of-body experience to a user.
Dissociative anaesthetics
These receptors that have an affinity for certain cannabinoids are found on glial cells and cells of the immune system such as natural killer cells, macrophages, and leukocytes.
CB2 receptors
People often exhibit an increased closeness with others when taking MDMA.
Empathogen (enhanced empathy)
Use of this drug might precipitate someone at risk to develop schizophrenia.
Cannabis
Agitation, restlessness, aggression, tremor, sweating, and appetite suppression which occurs after discontinuing cannabis use.
Cannabis withdrawal disorder
This product has a much higher binding affinity for CB1 receptors than its natural counterparts such as hashish or marijuana.
Synthetic marijuana (or herbal marijuana alternatives)
Activation of this receptor following cannabis consumption results in an increase in dopamine in the nucleus accumbens, although exactly how this activation achieves this effect is not well known.
CB1 receptors
Binding of THC to CB1 receptors in the cerebellum often results in people experiencing this altered perception and is observed when people are ‘stoned’.
Accelerated time
Depletion of dopamine and serotonin ~24 hours after MDMA use might cause temporary depression and lethargy until stores are replenished.
Rebound effects
Due to long elimination rate and limited use results in people seldomly developing tolerance or addiction to this class of psychedelic drugs.
Dissociative anesthetics