Section 1 - Trails to the West
__________ founded the American Fur Company in the Oregon Country. He also founded the first major settlement called Astoria.
John Jacob Astor
Many of the people living in the Spanish controlled areas of North America were weary of Spanish control. The Mexicans, in 1810, led by Father ______________ rebelled against Spanish rule. Their rebellion failed, but the resistance grew and in 1821 Mexico became an independent nation.
Miquel Hidalgo y Costilla
The original area of California was settled by Mexican citizens into farmland and ranches. ________, or cowboys, worked these areas.
vaqueros
The original location of found gold in California.
John Sutter's Mill
The Spanish controlled large amounts of territory in the American Southwest. The Spanish built _________ to educate Native Americans and forts in Texas to establish control over the region.
missions
These four countries claim rights to the Oregon Country...
America, Britain, Russia, Spain
The Mexican government (in 1821) hired empresarios, or agents, to bring settlers into Texas. One young and successful agent was...
Stephen F. Austin
After many successful battles, America eventually marched into Mexico and captured Mexico City. This was led by General ______________.
Winfield Scott
The people who came to California in search of gold were called...
Forty-Niners
The first 300 families brought into Texas were called...
The Old Three Hundred
Joseph Smith founded the ________ religion in New York in the 1830s. After years of persecution due to their believes, a mob killed Smith in 1844 and Brigham Young led the church members on the ____________ into the Utah Territory.
1. Mormons
2. Mormon Trail
The American settlers in Texas had to obey Mexican laws and practice the __________ faith. After a while the people in Texas began to think about independence from Mexico. At the same time Mexico had come under the rule of General ____________.. He basically established military law in Mexico and all the lands it controlled.
1. Catholic
2. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
President James K. Polk annexed/negotiated a treaty to gain these two territories.
Texas and Oregon
The border between America and Canada is set at the __________/
49th Parallel
The Republic of Texas was also called the _________. The Republic of Texas also organized the ______________ to patrol the long frontier border between Texas and Mexico.
1. Lone Star State
2. Texas Rangers
Three famous mountain men were...
Jedediah Smith, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwourth
The Mexican army and Texas volunteers clashed for months. Colonel __________ took the town of San Antonio and occupied the Alamo. Santa Anna laid siege to the Alamo for almost two weeks. On March 6, 1836 his armies attacked the Alamo killing all of the Texans and volunteers inside the mission. Two of the more famous Americans killed in the Alamo were _________ of Tennessee and _________ of Louisiana.
1. William Travis
2. Davy Crockett
3. Jim Bowie
Mexico said the border between them and America was ______________. America said the border between them and America was __________. This caused an obvious border dispute over the newly annexed state of Texas.
1. Nueces River
2. Rio Grande River
A term that means "obvious fate" and this was a major influence to people moving West.
"manifest destiny"
In 1836, Texas declared independence and became the _______________.
Republic of Texas
Name these trails to the West...
1. A secondary trail to the West that people chose instead of the Oregon Trail.
2. An old Indian trading route that took settlers into New Mexico
3. 2,000 mile trail that took people West into the fur-trapping area
1. California Trail
2. Santa Fe Trail
3. Oregon Trail
The final battle of the Texas Revolution was in Galveston Bay at the _____________. The Texas soldiers were inspired by the rallying cry of _________________!
1. Battle of San Jacinto
2. Remember the Alamo!
The original colonists in California were called __________. However, more and more Americans, or _______, moved into the area. Eventually the Americans wanted independence and declared California an independent nation. This was called the _________________.
1. Californios
2. Anglos
3. Bear Flag Revolt
Many people in Texas wanted America to annex them and they become a state. President ____________ refused to do so however, not wanting to upset the slave and free state balance.
Andrew Jackson
1. Served as the first President of Texas
2. Served as the first Secretary of State for Texas.
1. Sam Houston
2. Stephen F. Austin