Ch. 11 Nutrients and Diets
The process in which blood or lymph capillaries pick up the digested nutrients.
Absorption
Consists of easily digested foods that do not irritate the digestive tract.
bland diet
Calorie-controlled diets include both low-calorie and high-calorie diets.
Calorie-controlled diets:
The diet is called a carbohydrate-controlled diet because patients must calculate the amount of carbohydrates in each meal.
Diabetic diet:
at more fiber-rich fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Fiber diets
A psychological disorder in which a person drastically reduces food intake or refuses to eat at all.
Anorexia nervosa
A calculation that measures weight in relation to height and correlates this with body fat.
body mass index
Carbohydrates are the major source of readily usable human energy.
Carbohydrates
Digestion is the process by which the body breaks down food into smaller parts, changes the food chemically, and moves the food through the digestive system.
Digestion
Hypertension: high blood pressure; may be caused by an excess amount of fat or salt in the diet; can lead to diseases of the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys.
Hypertension
Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals.
Antioxidants
: A psychological disorder in which a person alternately binges and then induces vomiting or uses laxatives to get rid of food that has been eaten.
bulimerxia
Cellulose is the fibrous, indigestible form of plant carbohydrate.
Cellulose
: Essential nutrients are composed of chemical elements found in food.
Essential nutrient
Lipids, commonly called fats and oils, are organic compounds.
lipids
Condition in which arteries are narrowed by the accumulation of fatty substances on their inner surfaces.
Atherosclerosis
A psychological disorder in which a person alternately binges (eats excessively) and then fasts, or refuses to eat at all.
Bulimia
Cholesterol is a sterol lipid found in body cells and animal products.
Cholesterol
Fat-restricted diets, also called low-fat diets, usually limit fats to less than 50 gram
Fat-restricted diets
Liquid diets include both clear liquids and full liquids.
liquid diet
he rate at which the body uses energy just for maintaining its own tissue, without doing any voluntary work.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
This heat is measured by a unit called a calorie.
Calorie
Metabolic disease caused by an insufficient secretion or use of insulin leading to an increased level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.
Diabetes mellitus
Fats provide the most concentrated form of energy but are a higher calorie option source of energy than carbohydrates.
fats
A low-cholesterol diet restricts foods that contain cholesterol and usually limits fats to less than 50 grams (g) daily.
low-cholesterol diet