Key Terms
Absorption
– The process of nutrients passing from the digestive system into the bloodstream.
Bland diet
– A diet of mild, non-spicy, low-fiber foods that are easy to digest.
Calorie-controlled diets
– Diets that limit calorie intake to manage weight.
Diabetic diet
– A diet designed to help control blood sugar levels.
Fiber diets
– Diets high in fiber to improve digestion.
Anorexia nervosa
– An eating disorder where a person severely restricts food due to fear of gaining weight.
Body mass index (BMI)
– A number calculated from height and weight used to assess body weight status.
Carbohydrates
– Nutrients that are the body’s main source of energy.
Digestion
– The breakdown of food into nutrients the body can use.
Hypertension
– High blood pressure.
Antioxidants
– Substances that protect cells from damage caused by harmful molecules called free radicals.
Bulimarexia
– A combination of anorexia and bulimia behaviors.
Cellulose
– A type of fiber found in plant cell walls that humans cannot digest.
Essential nutrients
– Nutrients the body cannot make and must get from food.
Lipids
– A group of fats and fat-like substances in the body.
Atherosclerosis
– A condition where fatty deposits build up inside arteries.
Bulimia
– An eating disorder involving binge eating followed by purging (vomiting, laxatives, or excessive exercise).
Cholesterol
– A fat-like substance in the blood used to build cells and hormones.
Fat-restricted diets
– Diets that limit fat intake.
Liquid diets
– Diets consisting mainly or only of liquids.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
– The amount of energy your body uses at rest to maintain basic life functions.
Calorie
– A unit of energy in food.
Diabetes mellitus
– A disease where the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels.
Fats
– Nutrients that provide energy and help absorb certain vitamins.
Low-cholesterol diet
– A diet that limits foods high in cholesterol.