Meninges
DAILY DOUBLE:Name all of the parts of the brainstem in order from innermost to outermost (3 Parts)
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
What are the parts of the diencephalon? (2 parts)
Thalamus and hypothalamus (+epithalamus)
The primary MOTOR areas of the brain are located in which lobe?
Frontal
DAILY DOUBLE- Correctly name the raised ridges and grooves of the brain
MUST CLARIFY WHICH IS WHICH- Can use R/G
Ridges- Convolutions
Grooves- Sulci
Parkinson's Disease, which causes difficulty with voluntary muscular movements results from the degeneration of what?
Basal nuclei
In the case of a subdural hematoma, blood builds up between what two layers of the meninges?
Dura mater and arachnoid mater
Sub= below Dural= Dura layer
Describe the cerebral cortex (3 valid statments)
THIN layer
of GRAY MATTER
that makes up the OUTERMOST portion of the brain
MOST NEURONS IN BODY ARE HERE
Describe REM Sleep (3 valid statements)
REM= Rapid Eye Movement
-DREAMING
-SOME areas of the brain active
-Irregular heartbeat/ breathing
Where would you find CSF?
Surrounding the Brain and Spinal (in the subarachnoid space)
Meningitis most commonly causes an inflammation of what two layers of the meninges?
Arachnoid mater and pia mater
Name the parts of a reflex arc in order (5)
Receptor, Sensory neurons, Interneurons (of SPINAL CORD), Motor neurons, Effectors
Name the major functions of the cerebrum: (3)
Provides higher brain functions-->
Sensory- interprets impulses from sense organs
Association- intelligence, personality, memory, retrieving info...
Motor- Voluntary muscular movements
What are the fluid filled cavities in the brain called?
Ventricles
What is the main function of the reticular formation?
Activates the cerebral cortex into a state of wakefulness (consciousness)
Decreased activity leads to sleep.
Name the three layers of the meninges in their order from outermost to innermost
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
What part of the nervous system is NOT part of a reflex arc?
Ex of reflex: You burn your hand on a hot iron
The brain
If the "Broca's area" is damaged during an accident, what is a likely result?
Speech affected -- motor control of the muscles associated with speech will be affected
What are the symptoms of meningitis and how would you diagnose it?
Symptoms: headache, fever, stiff neck...
Diagnose: Lumbar puncture/spinal tap to analyze CSF
Which lobe of the brain provides sensation of temperature/touch, pressure, and pain involving the skin?
Parietal Lobe
What is the MAJOR function of the meninges?
PROTECT the brain and spinal cord
Damage to the cerebellum may result in what kinds of problems?
Coordinates skeletal muscle activity -->
Tremors, inaccurate movements, loss of equilibrium, posture issues
Name the major functions of each lobe of the brain (not Insula)
Frontal: Primary MOTOR region, HIGHER INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES- Concentrating, planning, complex problem solving, judging, consequences, smell--base of frontal, taste--inferior frontal
Parietal: Sensory receptors for TEMP/ TOUCH/ PRESSURE/ PAIN of skin, understanding speech + words to express thoughts/feelings
Temporal: HEARING, store memory, interpret complex sensory experiences-like understanding speech and to read, emotion, smell--medial aspect
Occipital: VISION, combining visual images w/ other sensory experiences
*Taste is also in anterior insula
What are the functions of CSF? List all 3
1) Provides NUTRITION
2) WASTE disposal (maintains homeostasis/keeps stable ion concentrations)
3) PROTECTION- Absorb forces that may otherwise damage the brain and spinal cord
Name cranial nerve set I and II- AND correctly say what sense they are in charge of
I- Olfactory Nerve--> Smell
II- Optic Nerve--> Vision