List the 5 types of body tissues in order from lowest density/least partial absorption to highest density/highest partial absorption.
Gases, soft tissue/fat, fluids, muscle, bone
100
How does kVp relate to penetration, contrast, and gray scale?
As kVp increases, penetration increases, lower contrast, longer gray scale.
As kVp decreases, penetration decreases, higher contrast, shorter gray scale.
100
Why are atoms with high atomic numbers more likely to absorb x-rays?
Because of their high electron density
100
Which type of interaction is not occurring at all in soft tissues at 90kVp?
Photoelectric
200
Describe atomic number
The atomic number pertains to how densely or loosely packed the electrons are within their given shells.
200
Compton scatter is responsible for what color?
Gray
200
How does scatter radiation reduce subject contrast?
It adds equal amount of exposure to all areas of the image.
200
Combining the effects of physical density and atomic number of x-ray attenuation, what is the approximate total subject contrast ratio between bone and soft tissue?
Bone has twice the number of interactions.
300
List the five primary varying tissue atomic numbers that we recognize in the body.
Gases
soft tissue
fat
fluids
bone
300
Of the three types of x-ray interactions that occur within the patient, which one(s) contribute to subject contrast in the image carried by the remnant beam?
Photoelectric effect
300
Occurrence of the photoelectric effect is inversely proportional the ___________ of the kVp
cube
300
As kVp increases, which way and how much does the occurrence of the Compton effect change?
Compton interactions increase
400
How does atomic number relate to partial absorption?
The greater the atomic number, the greater the partial absorption.
400
Of the three aspects of a tissue, which one has a directly proportional relationship to x-ray attention?
Tissue density
400
As kVp is increased, which way does Compton effect change?
Compton interactions increase
500
How does scatter radiation relate to subject contrast?
As scatter radiation increases, subject contrast decreases.
As scatter radiation decreases, subject contrast increases.
500
Of the three aspects of a tissue, which one must be altered most dramatically to cause a substantive change in subject contrast?
Tissue density
500
Ultimately, the subject contrast in the image carried by the remnant beam is dependent, not upon the raw number of different x-ray interactions, but on their ______ in contributing to the image.