Darwin and Marxism
This scientific theory, proposed by Charles Darwin, led some to reject religious faith because it suggested a natural explanation for evolution, challenging the concept of divine creation.
What is natural selection?
By 1870, this European country had become highly industrialized, marking it as a major power in Europe.
According to economists of the Manchester School, the employer’s primary duty was to maximize this without regard for workers.
What is profits?
This invention had the most significant impact on transportation in the 19th century.
What is the steam engine?
The proletariat worked in these conditions during the Industrial Revolution:
What is dangerous, with long hours and low pay?
This scientist is credited with developing the germ theory of disease in the 19th century.
Who is Louis Pasteur?
Karl Marx argued that the proletariat was exploited by this class.
What is the bourgeoisie?
This country in Europe remained mostly agrarian by 1870, resisting industrialization.
Bishop Ketteler would have disagreed with the economists of the Manchester School because he believed employers had this moral responsibility.
What is to care for workers?
The primary purpose of this invention was to enable instant communication over long distances using electrical signals.
What is the telegraph?
Mothers and children worked in factories during the Industrial Revolution because their families needed this.
What is additional income to survive due to low wages?
This term describes the process by which organisms with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
The bourgeoisie, according to Karl Marx, was this class in society.
What is the wealthy capitalist class that controls the means of production?
During the Industrial Revolution, this social class was primarily composed of factory workers.
What is the proletariat?
Karl Marx believed the purpose of human life was to eventually reach this type of society.
What is a classless, stateless society?
This invention dramatically changed manufacturing during the 19th century by improving production efficiency.
What is the spinning jenny?
The type of work the proletariat did in cities during the Industrial Revolution was mostly this.
What is factory and industrial labor?
An ironmonger is someone who sells this type of goods.
What is iron or metal goods?
The new social class structure that emerged during the Industrial Revolution was largely based on this.
What is wealth and ownership of production?
The primary purpose of labor unions during the Industrial Revolution was to ensure workers received fair wages and better working conditions.
What is to advocate for the abolition of private property?
In Karl Marx's theory, these two groups were supposed to engage in the final stage of historical struggle.
Who are the proletariat and the bourgeoisie?
The development of this substance in the 19th century benefited the iron and steel industry.
What is pig iron?
Mutation refers to this type of change in a species' genetic structure.
What is a sudden and significant change?
Common law is primarily concerned with establishing these.
What are legal standards and principles based on judicial precedents?