Law
The 1954 Supreme Court Case which deemed "separate but equal" segregated institutions as ILLEGAL - and provided basis for the integration of schools.
Brown v. Board of Education
The right to own, use, and modify property as you see fit.
Property Rights
A government or institution which is controlled by few powerful members.
Oligarchy
In 1957, Nine Black students attended the first integrated High School in Arkansas, but were met by the AR National Guard and prevented from entering the school. Eventually, Federal Troops enforced the integration of the school.
Little Rock Nine
One of the most Famous Civil Rights leaders - he was a Baptist and Preacher who used his powerful rhetoric to change and shape the minds of many Americans during his "I have a dream" speech.
Martin Luther King Jr.
The 1897 Supreme Court Case which deemed "Separate but equal" segregated institutions as legal.
Plessy v. Ferguson
1st Amendment
Separations within a society based on appearance, wealth, religion, status, etc. . .
Social Class
Hundreds of Thousands of Americans attended this event in August of 1963, where many different Civil Rights Leaders spoke on the importance of securing equality for ALL
The March on Washington
A Black Nationalist group who emphasized protections of their communities through the use of weapons and the notion of Black Power.
The Black Panthers
Passed in 1964, this act of congress prohibits discrimination and segregation in public spaces, workplaces, and government institutions. President Johnson helped this bill get passed.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The name of the laws which were meant to "Keep the Black Man Down" - particularly relevant in the south, these laws segregated and separated Americans on the basis of race, provided legal means for unfair treatment, and engaged in voter suppression tactics
Jim Crow Laws
Brutal and unfair rule by a leader or government, often oppressive.
Tyranny
A famous speech given by Malcom X all over the nation - he outlines his feelings about the nonviolent movement, black nationalism, and provides an ultimatum for how to achieve justice.
The Ballot or the Bullet
White Nationalist group founded in the late 1800s by confederate veterans - known for their white robes and hoods as well as their targeted hatecrimes towards Black Americans
KKK - Ku Klux Klan
Passed in 1965, this act of congress prohibited discriminatory practices which prevented black members of society from participating fairly in elections.
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The name of the series of legislation passed by Lyndon B Johnson which expanded Medicare, education, and low-income housing
The Great Society
The "rule of many" or lack of any serious power structure - people are left to self-govern.
Anarchy
In 1963, many volunteers traveled south to Mississippi to help black citizens register to vote - during which, 3 members from CORE went missing and were later found dead.
Freedom Summer
Civil Rights activist who sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycotts through her act of civil disobedience, where she broke the law segregating black and white seats on public transportation.
Rosa Parks
Describe the difference between equality and equity
Equality - ALL get the same treatment and resources, regardless of individual needs
Equity - Treatment and resources are given on the basis of individual needs - but inherently is unequal
Your ability to do, say, and believe what you want - as well as live your life in the way you want it under the confines of the constitution and law. These are called. . .
Civil Rights
The fundamental principle that ALL members of a society, even those in the government, are held to the same standard under the law.
Rule of Law
Leader of the NAACP, he was murdered outside his home in Mississippi after giving a speech supporting the proposed Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Medgar Evers
Black-Nationalist and Black Power advocate, also a member of the Nation of Islam - a civil rights leader who promoted the RECIPROCAL use of violence. "I meet nonviolence with nonviolence, and violence with violence"
Malcom X