A
A home health nurse tells a client, "I am very proud of you. You gave your first
insulin injection without a problem. You have done wonderfully and are learning
fast." What technique is the nurse using to compliment the client's progress?
A) Reinforcement
B) Motivation
C) Health promotion
D) Positive feedback
D) Positive feedback
Important keys to success when evaluating learning are consistent, immediate, and
frequent positive reinforcement, and teaching a small number of skills at any one
time, thus creating a high possibility that the learner will master them.
A nurse assisting a new mother in the act of breastfeeding is represented by
which form of learning?
A) Affective
B) Psychomotor
C) Cognitive
D) Simplistic
B) Psychomotor
Psychomotor refers to the muscular movements learned to perform new skills and
procedures.
The parents of an infant suffering from apnea need to be educated on the
apnea monitor and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. What should the nurse assess
first regarding the parents?
A) Educational levels
B) Home environment
C) Infant bonding
D) Baseline knowledge of these concepts
D) Baseline knowledge of these concepts
Before educating parents on the apnea monitor and cardiopulmonary resuscitation,
the nurse should determine the parents' baseline knowledge so that the nurse
knows where to begin. Educational level would be the next assessment in order to plan the appropriate teaching delivery method.
The School of Health Sciences, campus health center, and acute care facility
establish a wellness center for the uninsured. This is an example of:
A) cost containment.
B) illness care.
C) community partnership.
D) mobilized healthcare
C) community partnership.
Healthcare priorities include health development and development of community
partnerships for health promotion activities.
An appropriate topic on secondary prevention and health maintenance for a
group of middle-age adults is:
A) medical checkups.
B) prenatal checkups.
C) pregnancy prevention.
D) medication safety.
A) medical checkups.
Health maintenance with adults focuses more on secondary prevention, such as
exercise, nutrition, social stimulation, and regular medical checkups.
The nurse has educated the client on the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and
degenerative joint disease. This is an example of what learning theory?
A) Adaptive learning theory
B) Behavioral learning theory
C) Cognitive learning theory
D) Developmental learning theory
C) Cognitive learning theory
Cognitive learning theory is the result of people wanting to make sense of the
world around them by assimilating and processing information to gain new
understandings and insights.
When establishing a teaching–learning relationship with a client, it is most
important for the nurse to remember that effective learning can best be achieved
through which concept?
A) The nurse is the expert in the teaching–learning environment.
B) The nurse must be able to handle criticism during the process.
C) The client and the nurse are equal participants.
D) Assimilation and application of psychomotor concepts is essential.
C) The client and the nurse are equal participants.
Effective learning occurs when clients and healthcare professionals are equal
participants in the teaching–learning process.
A home health nurse is visiting a 40-year-old client who has had abdominal
surgery. The client is unable to change dressing because of obesity. The nurse is to
instruct the client’s spouse on the sterile dressing technique. During the visit, the
nurse notes that the spouse has limited abilities due to mental disabilities. To
determine the spouse’s literacy, assessment of which area for the spouse would be
appropriate?
A) Motivation to provide care
B) Educational records
C) Manner of speech
D) Reading with WRAT
D) Reading with WRAT
Tools to determine literacy include reading tests such as the Wide Range
Achievement Test (WRAT) and Rapid Estimate at Adult Literacy in Medicine
(REALM), which ask a person to read a passage out loud.
Which health promotion activity would be the most appropriate to suggest to a
20-year-old female?
A) Aerobic exercise three times per week
B) Yearly breast mammography
C) Weekly blood pressure screening
D) Intake of a diet high in fat
A) Aerobic exercise three times per week
Health promotion activities are behaviors that seek to expand the potential for
health and are often associated with lifestyle choices.
A woman is admitted to the medical division with pelvic inflammatory disease.
Which statement would indicate that she requires more education on health
promotion and illness prevention?
A) "My sexual partner is at risk for infection when I have an infection."
B) "The number of sexual partners increases my risk for infection."
C) "Unprotected sexual intercourse increases my risk for infection."
D) "Sexual relationships have no effect on the infections I get."
D) "Sexual relationships have no effect on the infections I get."
A person's lifestyle and habits strongly affect health maintenance
Which learning domain is the focus for instruction when the nurse educates a
new mother about the breast and its role in milk production for feeding the
newborn?
A) Affective
B) Psychomotor
C) Cognitive
D) Behavioral
C) Cognitive
Educating a new mother about the physiology of the breast and its role in milk
production is an example of cognitive learning
When providing client education, it is essential for the nurse to incorporate what
action so that learning can be optimized?
A) Have the clients read material after client education.
B) Be sure that clients are formally engaged.
C) Include educational strategies that encourage clients to be active participants.
D) Administer tests to evaluate learning.
C) Include educational strategies that encourage clients to be active participants.
The teaching–learning relationship is a dynamic, interactive process that involves
active participation from the nurse and client.
When the newly diagnosed client with type 1 diabetes tells the nurse that the
client has never received instruction on the administration of injections, an
appropriately stated nursing diagnosis for the client is:
A) self-care deficit related to lack of knowledge about injections
B) knowledge deficit related to lack of knowledge about injections
C) deficient knowledge of injection administration as verbalized by the client,
related to the lack of instruction and experience
D) ineffective healthcare maintenance related to diabetic instructions
D) ineffective healthcare maintenance related to diabetic instructions
Many factors can contribute to deficient knowledge, such as a lack of exposure, lack
of recall, information misinterpretation, cognitive limitations, lack of interest in
learning, and unfamiliarity with information resources.
The nurse is instructing about illness prevention when the nurse tells new
mothers to be certain that their newborns are:
A) given massages.
B) mentally stimulated.
C) positioned prone for sleep.
D) immunized on schedule.
D) immunized on schedule.
Avoidance behaviors (immunizations) are used to avoid illness rather than to
promote health.
An older adult client is receiving Medicare benefits only and the source of
income is Social Security. The client has limited literacy skills and no family
support. What is the major issue that puts the client at risk for an alteration in
health maintenance?
A) Unpleasant past experience
B) Family values
C) Lack of motivation
D) Knowledge deficit
D) Knowledge deficit
Knowledge deficits about health maintenance can occur due to limited education
and lack of health insurance.
A client states to the nurse, "I understand that I need a mastectomy for the
treatment of my breast cancer, but I am fearful of learning about the drains I will
need to empty." This is an example of what kind of learning?
A) Affective learning
B) Psychomotor learning
C) Cognitive learning
D) Behavioral learning
A) Affective learning
Affective refers to emotions or feelings. Affective learning changes beliefs,
attitudes, or values.
Educating women on diet and exercise is an example of what type of client
education?
A) Health promotion
B) Disease prevention
C) Health protection
D) Health restoration
A) Health promotion
Health promotion activities are general recommendations and concentrate on
improving someone's overall well-being.
What is the most appropriate teaching strategy for the nurse to use for a 1-
hour presentation on the prevention of osteoporosis to a group of 30 college-age
women?
A) Role play
B) Lecture/discussion
C) Demonstration
D) Test taking
B) Lecture/discussion
Lecture/discussion is appropriate for this topic, audience, and group size. A lecture
is a formal presentation of information by a teacher to a group of learners. This
format is most effective when communicating facts.
The local health department inspects restaurants and food manufacturing
facilities. This is an example of:
A) health protection.
B) health promotion.
C) illness prevention.
D) pest surveillance.
A) health protection.
Health protection activities are environmental or regulatory measures that seek to
protect the health of a community or large population.
Which client would be the best candidate for a nurse to use motivational
interviewing?
A) A 38-year-old male training to walk a half-marathon
B) A 44-year-old female who brought a food log to weight loss counseling
C) A 66-year-old male who is showing improvement in range of motion
D) A 28-year-old female with elevated blood glucose for 8 months
D) A 28-year-old female with elevated blood glucose for 8 months
Clients who are working on improving their health and physical condition are
motivated. If a client has not shown positive changes in months, motivational
interviewing may be helpful to find ways to help the client become involved with
making lifestyle changes
A client shares with the nurse how much she appreciates understanding the
physiology of her breastfeeding. She states, "I felt very comfortable with what you
explained to me and I feel I will be successful at breastfeeding." In affective
learning, this represents:
A) creating an educational opportunity for the future.
B) creating an atmosphere for discussion of feelings.
C) creating specific learning sessions for new information.
D) creating rational thought and learning.
B) creating an atmosphere for discussion of feelings.
When working with clients to change beliefs, values, and attitudes, the nurse
creates an atmosphere in which clients can honestly and freely discuss their
feelings and emotions.
When the nurse instructs a client about breast self-examination, the primary
purpose of the client education is:
A) promotion of self-efficacy and body image.
B) restoration of function.
C) illness prevention.
D) promotion of coping.
C) illness prevention.
Client education also focuses on the knowledge and skills for early detection or
prevention of disease and disability. Studies have proven the importance of early
detection in support of teaching breast self-examination.
Which guideline is most important for the nurse to keep in mind when planning
to teach an exercise class to a group of older adults?
A) Allow ample time for psychomotor skills.
B) Keep the session at 2 to 3 hours.
C) Allow for long-term memory loss.
D) Provide information in a structured format
A) Allow ample time for psychomotor skills.
Older adults need more time to learn psychomotor skills. Sessions of 2 to 3 hours
are too long; short-term rather than long-term memory loss affects older adults;
and information can be structured or nonstructured, depending on the content
A primary health maintenance concern for adolescents is:
A) adequate rest.
B) alcohol abstinence.
C) exercise regimen.
D) job safety.
B) alcohol abstinence.
Primary health concerns of adolescents include prevention of sexually transmitted
infections and pregnancy, avoiding drugs and alcohol, and maintaining health.
The nurse is using Teach-Back to evaluate the client's understanding of new
information given during discharge. Which statement indicates the use of this
technique?
A) "Will you promise to read these instructions when you go home?"
B) "Is someone able to review the instructions with you?"
C) "Please repeat to me the different signs and symptoms of stroke."
D) "Use the instructions on this paper to clean your wounds at home."
C) "Please repeat to me the different signs and symptoms of stroke."
Teach-Back is a technique used to evaluate the information received by the client.
This technique uses open-ended questions, allowing the client to repeat the
information back to the nurse in his own words.