Hormones & Glands
What is the “master gland” of the body?
The pituitary gland
What condition results from hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood?
Gigantism
What does the prefix “hyper-” mean?
Excessive or increased
What does insulin allow glucose to do?
Leave the bloodstream and enter cells
Adenectomy
What is the removal of a gland called?
This gland sits atop each kidney.
Adrenal glands
What hormone produced by the pancreas lowers blood sugar?
Insulin
What is the name for decreased activity of the thyroid gland?
Hypothyroidism
What does “hypo-” mean?
Deficient or decreased
What is the function of parathyroid glands?
Regulate calcium and phosphorus in the body
Iodotherapy
What is treatment with iodine called?
This gland is located behind the stomach and helps regulate blood sugar.
Pancreas
What hormone regulates metabolism and is made in the thyroid gland?
Thyroxine
What is the condition caused by hypofunction of the thyroid gland, resulting in dry, waxy skin?
Myxedema
What does “polyuria” mean?
Excessive urination
What does growth hormone regulate?
The rate of growth
Thyroidectomy
What surgery removes the thyroid gland?
This gland is in the neck and controls metabolism.
Thyroid gland
What hormone is known as adrenaline and triggers the fight-or-flight response?
Epinephrine
What disorder is caused by a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Diabetes insipidus
What is an adenoma?
A tumor of a gland
What is the function of estrogen during the menstrual cycle?
Prepares the female body for fertilization and implantation
Parathyroidectomy
surgery removes the parathyroid glands
This gland produces estrogen in females.
Ovaries
What are the gonadotropic hormones produced by the pituitary gland called?
Gonadotropins
What condition results from abnormally decreased gonadal function?
Hypogonadism
What does “androgenic” mean?
Producing male characteristics
Why does excessive insulin cause hypoglycemia?
It removes too much glucose from the bloodstream
What do Glucose-lowering agents do?
lower blood glucose
Another name for the pituitary gland is this.
Hypophysis