ch. 15 key terms
Caused by the human immunodeficiency virus and suppresses the immune system
AIDS
The most common piece of equipment used for sterilization
Autoclave
When chemicals are used for aseptic control
Chemical disinfection
A process that uses chemical disinfectants to destroy or kill pathogenic organisms
Disinfection
The infection or disease originates outside the body
Exogenous
Organisms that require oxygen to live
Aerobic
simple , one-celled organisms that multiply rapidly
Bacteria
Objects or portions of objects do not contain disease-producing organisms and therefore have minimal
Clean
Must be followed for diseases transmitted by droplets or fluid
Droplet precautions
Objects contaminated with infectious material that contain the pathogens
Fomites
Used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.
Airborne precautions
he use of microorganisms, or biologic agents, as weapons to infect humans, animals, or plants
Bioterrorism
Caused by a pathogenic organism that can be easily transmitted to others.
ommunicable disease
A virus that causes hemorrhage, fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and a skin rash.
Ebola
Simple, plant-like organisms that live on dead organic matter.
Fungi
Organisms that live and reproduce in the absence of oxygen
Anaerobic
When microscopic bubbles are produced by sound waves and strike the item being cleaned, exploding
Cavitation
Must be followed for any patients known or suspected to be infected with epidemiological
Contract precautions
The infection or disease originates within the body
Endogenous
Acquired by an individual in a health care facility such as the hospital or long-term care facility.
Health care-associated
The absence of disease-producing microorganisms, or pathogens
Asepsis
Conditions that must be met for a disease to occur and spread from one individual to another
Chain of infection
Organisms and pathogens are present.
Contaminated
When a communicable disease spreads rapidly from person to person and affects a large number of people at the same time.
Epidemic
Multicellular parasitic organisms commonly called words or flukes
Helminths