Delirium
Delirium is most often seen in what population?
older adults
What is the most common type of neurocognitive disorder?
neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's
"Early onset" for Alzheimer's is considered _______ (age range)
40 - 50 years old
difficulty with language, often seen in those with neurocognitive disorders
aphasia
_______ is a diagnosis that would be given to someone who shows signs of cognitive decline, but can still function independently with some accomodations
mild neurocognitive disorder
What is the first step in treating delirium?
treating underlying condition
progressive brain disorder involving loss of cognitive functioning, caused by blockage of blood flow to the brain, that appears concurrently with other neurological signs and symptoms
vascular neurocognitive disorder
What is the average survival time of a person diagnosed with Alzheimer's?
4-8 years (can sometimes live up to 20)
in genetics, genes that lead to a nearly 100 percent chance of developing the associated disorder
deterministic
Neurocognitive disorder caused by proteins that can reproduce themselves and cause damage to brain cells, leading to neurocognitive decline (cannibalism or blood transfusion)
neurocognitive disorder due to prion disease
What kinds of drugs can cause delirium?
molly, ecstasy, bath salts
condition resulting from jarring of the brain caused by a blow to the head or other impact; symptoms persist for at least a week after the initial trauma
neurocognitive disorder due to TBI
Symptoms of Alzheimer's may become more pronounced during what time of day?
night time (sundowner's syndrome)
_______ is the inability to recognize even familiar faces, can be extremely distressing to family members
facial agnosia
Approximately what percentage of chronic heavy alcohol users show some cognitive impairment?
50-70%
describe the course of delirium (how is it different from mild/major neurocognitive disorders)
resolves quickly but may have lasting effects
Which neurocognitive disorder is characterized by progressive decline in motor movements resulting from damage to dopamine pathways?
neurocognitive disorder due to Parkinson's
Autopsies of those with Alzheimer's often reveal what kind of marker of the disease
amyloid plaques, atrophy, neurofibrillary tangles
caregivers of those with neurocognitive may be at risk for developing _______
depression, anxiety (also sometimes at risk for even developing neurocognitive disorder)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
What psychological interventions may someone with delirium be provided?
Reassurance/comfort, coping strategies, inclusion of patients in treatment decisions, inclusion of family members in soothing patients, bringing in family personal items like family photos, antipsychotics
Jeff has a neurocognitive disorder that is associated with a disease characterized by involuntary limb movements and problems with memory, concentration, judgment, and ability to plan and organize. Jeff's mother also had this disorder as do several other family members. Which disorder does Jeff most likely have?
neurocognitive disorder due to Huntington's Disease
Theory that the more synapses a person develops throughout life, the more neuronal death must take place before the signs of dementia are obvious (i.e., think relationship between education and Alzheimer's)
cognitive reserve hypothesis
New cases of neurocognitive disorders are identified every _______ seconds
7
_____ is a type of frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder that is similar to Alzheimer's, but occurs in 40s-50s and is very rare
Pick's Disease