Vocab
This means to exclude someone from a church. People feared that this meant they could no longer get into heaven.
Excommunicate
He was a tyrant of a king that raised taxes in England. He was the main reason the Magna Carta was created.
King John
The Vikings came from here
Scandinavia
What is the water around the castle called?
The Moat
This was another name for Charles the Great
Charlemagne
This is an agreement between the Pope and a ruler of a country
Concordat
William the Conqueror
This city built a fleet of trading ships, it then became a major trading center by A.D. 1000
Venice
This large tower was considered to be the safest place to be during an attack on the castle.
Donjon
He was the king of the Franks, he became a catholic so his people would become catholic as well.
King Clovis
These are people who are sent out to teach their religion.
Missionaries
He called for the beginning of the Crusades
Phillip II
This was Otto I empire, what did it come to be known as? It was in Northern Italy and most of Germany.
The Holy Roman Empire
The main castle entrance, this usually had traps to stop incoming attackers, some of these traps were called "murder holes."
Gatehouse
The first ruler of the Holy Roman Empire
Otto I
Steep-sided valleys that are inlets of the sea
Fjords
He was an Egyptian King that rallied the Muslims to fight back against the Christian Crusaders
Saladin
The Russian state that was started by the Mongols, it was at the crossroads to several important trade routes
Moscow
Vertical Windows that were narrow, so that arrows or other projectiles could be launched through them.
Loophole
A noble who served a lord of a higher rank
Vassal
The type of government and economy that was being run in Europe during the Middle Ages. It consisted of land being given to higher up nobles or lords for protection. What is the name of this system?
Feudalism
He taught using Scholasticism and blended ideas of the church with the teachings of Aristotle
Thomas Aquinas
Charlemagne made this the capital of his empire
Aachen
The strong wall built on the outside of a castle, connecting two towers. The walls contained loopholes and battlements
Curtain Wall
This was the type of Jury that decided whether people should be ACCUSED of a crime or not, be careful as there are two different kinds of Juries.
The Grand Jury