Evolution
Evolution of Populations
Evolution of Populations
Classification
Evolution/Classification
100

What is Evolution

Any change in the frequency of a gene in a population over time.

100
What is gene pool? Allele Frequency?
Gene Pool- all the genes in a population Allele Frequency- number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool
100
What is genetic equilibrium? Gene Flow?
When allele frequencies in a gene pool do not change transfer of genes from one population to the other
100
What is Binomial nomenclature?
2 part scientific naming system that comes from genus and species
100
Which classification level did Linnaeus not include?
Domain
200

nature provides the variations, and humans select those qualities they find useful 

when organisms with qualities most suited for their environment have the most offspring, the drive of evolutions 

What is artificial selection? Natural selection?

200

What are two sources of Genetic Variation?

Mutations, Genetic recombination during sexual reproduction

200

Why does genetic equilibrium never exist?

Populations are always evolving?

200
What is phylogeny?
Evolutionary history of lineages
200

What does Natural selection directly act upon, genotype or phenotype?

Phenotype

300
What are the three instances in which Natural selection occurs?
Struggle for existence, adaptation and variation, and survival of the fittest
300

What is speciation? 

Formation of New species, caused by disrupt of Genetic Equilibrium when one population can evolve into two separate species

300
What is a cladogram?
Links multiple groups of organisms by showing evolutionary lines branching off from common ancestors, multiple clades
300
What is the difference between Homologous and Analogous structures?
Homologous- same structure different function Analogous- Same function different structure
400
What are evidences of evolution?
Fossils Universal Genetic Code and homologous structures infer the evidence of a common ancestor
400
What is genetic Drift? What are two effects that cause it?
GD- random change in allele frequency Bottleneck effect Founders effect
400

What are the five things that can cause evolution?

Natural selection, genetic drift, nonrandom mating, mutations, gene flow (immigration and emigration)

400
Names the Levels of Classification
Domains Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
400

In order to group species into larger categories that reflect lines of evolutionary decent rather than overall similarities and differences, we use a...

Cladogram

500
Name the 4 people that influenced Darwin and evolution and what they did
Hutton- Deep Time Lyell- Uniformitarianism Lamark- Aquired Traits Malthus- overpopulation
500
What are 5 ways that speciation is accomplished?
Mutations Immigration/emigration Nonrandom mating Natural selection Small populations
500
What are three varieties of Reproductive isolation?
Behavioral Isolation Geographic Isolation Temporal Isolation
500
What are the six kingdoms in Linnaeus' system?
Achaea bacteria, Eubacteria Anamalia, Fungi, Protista, and Plantae
500
Name the three domains and a common characteristic of each one
Eukarya-organisms with a nucleus Bacteria- have peptidoglycan in cell wall Archaea- live in extreme environments, membranes contsain unusual lipids
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