Erythrocytes
What hormones stimulate blood production?
Erythropoietin- specifically stimulates erythrocyte production
Colony Stimulating Factor- stimulates hematopoiesis (Myeloid vs lymphoid line)
What is the order of leukocytes from most abundant to least abundant?
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Eosinophils
Basophils
what pressure is exerted by blood plasma proteins and prevents fluid loss in capillaries?
Blood Colloid Osmotic Pressure
Sickle-cell anemia warps the shape of the erythrocyte. How might this affect its functions?
Lower surface area, less oxygen/carbon diffusion efficiency, difficulty with blood clotting.
What does oxygen and carbon bind to in hemoglobin?
Oxygen binds to iron
Carbon binds to globin
What leukocyte is active during parasitic infection?
Eosinophils
What blood protein is active during Coagulation phase of hemostasis?
How does iron deficiency anemia affect the efficiency of the erythrocytes?
There is not as much iron for oxygen to bind to in the hemoglobin
What are the functions of erythrocytes?
Transport and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
List the granulocytes and agranulocytes
Granulocytes- neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil
Agranulocytes- lymphocyte, monocyte
What are the steps to hemostasis?
Vascular spasm
Platelet plug formation
Coagulation phase
What factors will stimulate erythropoietin release?
Low oxygen levels in the blood, high altitude, blood loss
What is the shape of an erythrocyte?
Biconcave disc
What leukocyte plays a role in allergic reactions and what does it do?
Basophils release histamine for vasodilation and heparin for clot prevention
Where are blood platelets formed from?
Megakaryocytes
Hematocrit in males is higher than that of females. How does this affect the efficiency of the bloodstream?
Higher hematocrit means more erythrocyte concentration. More erythrocytes means more oxygen in the bloodstream.
Where are erythrocytes destroyed?
Phagocytized in spleen and liver
What are the types of lymphocytes and what are their functions?
T cells coordinate immune response
B cells produce antibodies
NK cells kill foreign invaders
What protein carries iron from recycled erythrocytes from the spleen to the liver?
Transferrin
What are the positive and negative side effects of blood doping?
Positive: higher hematocrit, better oxygen transportation in the blood system, higher athletic performance
Negative: Higher hematocrit= higher blood viscosity, heart has to work harder to move blood, prone to heart failure