Immunology, of course
As opposed to active immunity, the effectors of this kind of immunity will not be created by the host itself.
What is passive immunity?
This type of vaccine is very safe, but also requires multiple boosters because it only has a few immunogens from the microbe.
What is an acellular/subunit vaccine?
The conjugate vaccine is extremely helpful in protecting against bacteria that have this virulence factor.
What is a capsule?
These types of antibodies can be used for diagnostics or treatments.
What are monoclonal antibodies?
Low specificity can result from this phenomenon, which means there are similar epitopes on different antigens.
What is cross-reactivity?
As opposed to natural immunity, this kind of immunity introduces a medical product to elicit or provide protection.
What is articifial immunity?
Attaching a protein to this type of molecule will give the molecule's epitopes immunogenicity.
What is polysaccharide?
This is what you should say if someone tells you vaccines cause autism.
What is "No, they don't"?
In a direct test, this molecule is labeled with a reporter enzyme and is designed to bind directly to an target.
What is a monoclonal/reporter antibody?
These are two examples of in vivo diagnostics using the human response rather than kits.
What are allergy testing and tuberculin skin testing?
This is one example of artificial passive immunity.
What is mAb or pooled plasma?
This kind of vaccine can potentially cause infection in immunocompromised patients.
What is live attenuated vaccine?
This is what happens when people stop getting vaccinated for a disease that is almost eradicated.
What is an increase in cases?
In an indirect ELISA, this is typically the unknown element.
What is the patient serum? (containing unknown antibodies)
COVID tests that look for past infections may be using this kind of ELISA looking for this molecule.
What are indirect ELISA and anti-coronavirus antibodies?
What is a hybridoma, made by fusing to myeloma?
This is the kind of vaccine that provides the best cell-mediated immune response.
What is live attenuated?
This is the process of protecting the few by vaccinating the many.
What is herd immunity?
This is what a titer allows us to do with indirect ELISA testing.
What is to quantify antibody load in a patient?
This kind of ELISA test looks for current infections (not the molecular one...the other one)
What is direct ELISA or antigen test?
This is how we create anti-human-antibody antibodies.
What is injecting a human constant fragment into an animal to activate anti-human-antibody B-cells?
This kind of vaccine can be created by removing genes for certain virulence factors from a microbe.
What is live attenuated vaccine?
Not a traditional vaccine, this type of therapy modifies T-cells from a person and then gives them back to the patient.
What is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy?
If specificity is low in a diagnostic test, we may have false these.
What is false positive?
This is the benefit of vaccination over variolation.
What is safety? (using vaccinia vs. variola means less vaccine side-effects)