Classification
Which kingdom does yeast belong to?
Fungi
Do organisms in eubacteria and archaebacteria have true nuclei?
No
Are all protists unicellular?
Yes
Do all plants have flower? Why?
No, plants such as moss, fern, and conifer don’t have flowers.
What is the importance of respiration to organisms?
To form ATP from the breakdown of organic food. ATP then provide energy for activities.
List the 8 levels of classification in biology from broad to narrow.
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Which of the two domains, eubacteria or archaebacteria, have members that are more commonly found in extreme environments, e.g. hot springs?
Archaebacteria
Heterotrophic
Name 2 groups of vertebrates and 2 groups of invertebrates.
Vertebrate: Mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, birds. Invertebrates: Soft-bodied animals, joint-legged animals, segmented worms, spiny-skinned animals, etc.
Where does Krebs cycle occur?
Mitochondrial matrix
What is the importance of classifying organisms into groups?
To study organisms systematically. / To identify organisms. / To make predictions. / To study evolutionary history.
Give an example of a disease caused by organisms in eubacteria?
Cholera, Tuberculosis, Tetanus, Whooping cough, Plague, etc.
What does “saprophytic” mean?
To obtain food by consuming dead organic matter
Homeotherms can regulate their body temperature by generating body heat but poikilotherms don’t.
What are the products of glycolysis?
Pyruvate, ATP, and NADH
Which kingdom is fungi more closely related to? Animalia or Plantae?
Animalia
Do organisms in eubacteria and archaebacteria have membrane-bound organelle? Can they carry out respiration?
They don‘t have membrane-bound but they can carry out respiration.
How do multicellular fungi reproduce?
By producing spores.
Do non-vascular plants have true leaves and roots? How do they absorb water?
No. They absorb water by osmosis through the plant surfaces and rhizoids
What is the importance of carrying out anaerobic respiration during exercises of short bursts?
To release additional amount of energy.
How do we study the phylogenetic relationship between organisms or groups of organisms?
We compare their features or genetic sequences. The more similar they are, the more likely they share a more recent common ancestor.
How may we identify if an organism is a member of eubacteria or archaebacteria?
By DNA sequencing and comparing known databases. Or by analysing the composition of its cell wall (Eubacteria: peptidoglycan) (Archaebacteria: not peptidoglycan)
Can protists carry out photosynthesis? If yes, give an example of a photosynthetic protist. If no, why?
Yes, algae are plant-like protists that can photosynthesize.
What is a feature of the Hong Kong Newt (香港瘰螈) that helps it adapt to its environment or life cycle?
Gills during juvenile stage for breathing under water. / Fin-like tail for swimming. / Limbs for moving on land. / Scale-less skin for aiding gas exchange underwater. / Poisonous to avoid predation. / etc.
Where does the hydrogen in the water formed in respiration come from? Why?
It comes from the organic food broken down in respiration e.g. Glucose. The hydrogen is carried by NADH and FADH from the oxidation of carbon compounds to oxidative phosphorylation, where water is formed.