Forms of Energy
All energy can be categorized into these two types of energy
Describe the energy transformation that occurs when you eat an apple & start working out.
Chemical ---> Mechanical
We use radiant energy from the sun & solar panels to generate electric energy
What are the three heat transfers?
conduction, radiation, and convection
What is the equation for work?
W= F x d
What two things does gravitational potential energy depend on? EXPLAIN
Mass (More mass= more GPE)
Distance/Height (more distance = more GPE)
Describe the energy transformation that occurs when you crank a handle & a lightbulb comes on.
Mechanical ---> electric
Describe a disadvantage of using fossil fuels.
- A burner touching the pot and making it hot
- the handle touching the pot and getting hot
- the water touching the pot and getting hot
What two types of energy are carried by waves?
Sound energy & radiant energy
What two things does kinetic energy depend on? EXPLAIN!
Mass: Greater mass = greater KE
Speed: Greater speed = greater KE
Give an example of nuclear fusion
the sun
What is a fossil fuel?
a concentrated form of chemical energy that easily transforms into other types of energy
Give an example of radiation in a boiling pot of water.
visible light, xrays, microwaves, AM/FM, TV, infrared rays, UV rays
What is the difference between thermal & mechanical energy?
mechanical: the sum of the potential and kinetic energy in a system
Fusion: nuclei combine
Fission: Nucleus splits into two
Name five renewable energy resources.
solar, wind, hydroelectric, biomass, and geothermal
The hot water becomes less dense & rises and pushes down the cold water. Water starts to circulate.
What are the three main parts of the kinetic molecular theory?
- all matter is made of particles
- particles are in constant, random motion
- particles collide with each other & the walls of their containers
What is the difference between chemical & nuclear energy?
chemical: the energy stored in and released from the bonds between atoms.
nuclear: the energy stored in and released from the nucleus of an atom
Jessica rides an escalator that moves her upward at constant speed. As Jessica rises, how do her gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy change?
PE: increases (she's getting higher off the ground)
KE: doesn't change/ stays the same
Name a disadvantage of nuclear energy.
Radioactive waste products
Give the definitions of all three heat transfers. (conduction, radiation, and convection)
conduction: heat transfer through the collisions between particles
radiation: heat transfer through electromagnetic waves
convection: heat transfer through the movement of particles in a material
Describe where on a rollercoaster would have the most Potential energy, the most kinetic energy, the least potential energy, and the least kinetic energy. (four answers)
Most PE: Top of highest hill
Most KE: bottom of the hill (fastest)
Least PE: bottom of the hill (shortest height)
Least KE: top of the hill/ when it is coming to a stop