Occurs when rats or other animals encounter conditions over which they have no control
What is learned helplessness (pg 53)
100
The phenomenon in which blind patients are able to sense the position of an object
What is blind sight (unconscious sight) (pg 55)
100
The alarm reaction that activates during potentially life-threatening emergencies
What is the flight or fight response (pg 56)
100
In many cultures around the world, many individuals suffer from this
What is fright disorder? (pg 59)
100
This psychologist suggested we go through 8 crisis stages through life that change our personalities
Who is Erik Erikson (pg 93)
200
People faced with considerable stress and difficulty in their lives never the less display an optimistic, upbeat attitude, they are likely to function better physically and psychologically
What is learned optimism (pg 53)
200
Memory that is selective of specific events or circumstances; individuals act on these memories but are unable to recall them
What is implicit memory (pg 55)
200
____ is a more persistent period of affected or emotionality
What is mood? (pg 57)
200
Cultural expectations and ____ is blamed for differential experiences of fear, anxiety, and phobias
What is gender roles (pg 60)
200
What principle indicates to consider a number of paths to a given outcome
What is equifinality (pg 93)
300
He specialized some detail of the importance of social context of our own learning
Who is Albert Bandura? (pg 54)
300
This refers to the unobservable feelings and cognitive inferences from an individuals self report
What is a black box (pg 55)
300
The momentary emotional tone that accompanies what we say or do
What is affect? (pg 57)
300
Lewis David Andersson and Allsbeck (1992) found the incidences of schizophrenia was 38% greater in ____ and raised in ____
What is men and cities? (pg 62)
300
the scientific term for a decline in abilities due to old age
What is senescence (pg 93)
400
Without any contact, we are more likely to learn to fear snakes or spiders than rocks or flowers even if we know rationally that the snake or spider is harmless
What is prepared learning? (pg 55)
400
Participants are shown a variety of words printed in a different color quickly and are asked to name the color that is printed
What is the Stroop Paradigm (pg 55)
400
Behavior, physiology, and cognition
What is the composition of emotion? (pg 57)
400
In 1988, 118 men and women 65 years and older had less occurrences of depression due to ____
What is meaningful contacts (or increased social supports) (pg 62)
400
Willpower and resisting negative choices despite exposure to negative stimulus is known as ___
What is resilience (pg 94)
500
Individuals between 50 and 94 who had positive views about themselves and positive attitudes toward aging lived ___ years longer than those without positive, optimistic attitudes which leads to ____
What is 7.5; positive psychology (pg 54)
500
The greater the ___, ____, and ____ of the neural representation of a piece of information the more likely a person will be aware of the information
What are duration; intensity; coherence
500
a feature of many mood disorders
What is hopelessness? (pg 59)
500
WHO (World Health Organization) revealed that ____ accounts for 13% of the global burden of disease
What is mental disorder? (pg 63)
500
Autism can sometimes be caused by exposure to ___ in pregnancy