Refers to the concept that people often perform BETTER when others are watching than they do when they are alone
Social Facilitation
100
What is "Concern about the opinion of others" called?
Evaluation Apprehension
100
rules that govern group decision-making
Social decision-making schemes
100
An agreement that is supported by two-thirds of the members
Two-thirds Majority scheme
100
Wanted to determine whether the average person would obey the commands of authority figures. Showed that most people will obey orders that conflict with their own attitudes.
Milgram's Study of Obedience (shock)
200
Tendency for people to exert LESS effort toward completing a task when they are part of a GROUP
Social Loafing
200
The tendency for people to take greater risks when they are part of a group than they would as individuals acting on their own
Risky Shift
200
The group agrees to a decision that was initially supported by a majority of group members
Majority Wins Scheme
200
A leader who exerts absolute control over all decisions for the group
Authoritarian Leader
200
What study suggested that social facilitation may be a basic animal response
Zajonc's Roach Study
300
Tendency for people to feel less responsible for accomplishing a task when the effort is shared among members of a group
Diffusion of Responsibility
300
what refers to the loss of self-awareness that people experience when they are part of a group
Deindividuation
300
When members of a group come to realize that one option is better than others after they learn more about the different choices available
Truth wins scheme
300
A leader who encourages group members to express and discuss their ideas and to make their own decisions
Democratic leader
300
Showed how social factors can trigger the rapid development of abnormal behavior patterns
Zimbardo Stanford Prison Experiment
400
Describes the tendency for people to give in to major demands once they have given in to minor ones
Foot-in-the-door effect
400
Spoken or written rules
Explicit norms
400
Situation in which one person changes their mind to break a deadlock
First Shift scheme
400
A leader who stands back from decision making and allows group members to explore and express their own ideas
Laissez-faire leader
400
Showed that most people are all too willing to go along with the crowd. Revealed that people will conform so they do not appear different
Solomon Asch’s Study of Conformity (line length)
500
Give 1 condition that strengthens conformity:
- Group is at least 3 people
- Increases as the group grows
- All members are unanimous
500
To reduce tension caused by repressed aggression- vent feelings without causing harm
Catharsis
500
The strengthening of a group’s shared attitudes over time
Group Polarization
500
Unselfish concern for the welfare of other people
Altruism
500
The tendency for a person to be less likely to give aid if others are present