Limiting Reagents + Yield
Which reactant can be assumed to be completely consumed in a chemical reaction?
Write the net ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous solutions of barium nitrate and ammonium phosphate are mixed:
3Ba2+(aq) + 2PO4-3(aq) → Ba3(PO4)2 (s)
Which of the following are strong electrolytes?
LiOH || H2CO3 || NaCl || NH3 || HClO4
LiOH, NaCl, HClO4
Determine the oxidation number of Zinc in the ion Zn(OH)42-
Zn: +2
What are the smallest whole number coefficients for each substance (respectively) in the chemical equation when balanced? AgI +Na2S ----> Ag2S + NaI
2,1,1,2
When a question gives the amount of a product that is formed in a chemical reaction, is this the theoretical or actual yield?
The actual yield
Write the net ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are mixed:
H+(aq) + OH-(aq) → H2O(l)
When 1.00 mole of Na2SO4 is dissolved in water to make one liter of solution, what is the molarity of sodium ions in solution?
2 M
Determine the oxidation number of each element in the compound Cr2O72-
O: -2
Cr: +6
Determine the number of moles of carbon dioxide formed when 2.50 mol ethanol (C2H6O) undergoes combustion in excess oxygen.
C2H6O(l) +3O2(g) ----> 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)
5 mol
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is converted into acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) using excess oxygen gas in the liver upon consumption of an alcoholic beverage. If Romeo consumes 100 g of ethanol, and 90.5 g of acetaldehyde is produced, what is the percentage yield?
CH3CH2OH + 1/2O2 → CH3CHO + H2O
95% yield
Write the net ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous solutions of ammonium phosphate and sodium sulfate are mixed:
No net ionic reaction occurs
Which of the following 0.1 M solutions has the highest concentration of ions?
HF || H2SO4 || C6H12O11 || Al2(SO4)3 || NaOH
Al2(SO4)3
Determine which element is reduced and which is oxidized in the following reaction:
MnO2 (s) + 4HCl(aq.) → MnCl2 (aq.) + Cl2 (g) + 2H2O(l)
Oxidized: Cl || Reduced: Mn
Equimolar amounts of Nitrogen, Hydrogen, and Argon are placed in a reaction chamber. The amount of which substance(s) will determine the amount of ammonia produced in the reaction below if the reaction goes to completion?
N2(g) + 3 H2(g) + Ar(g) ---> 2NH3 (g) + Ar(g)
Hydrogen
If 22.3 g of ammonia is reacted with 16.5 g of oxygen gas to form nitric oxide and water, which is the limiting reagent?
4NH3 + 5O2 → 4NO + 6H2O
Oxygen gas is limiting
Write the net ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous solutions of sulfuric acid and barium hydroxide are mixed:
2H+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + Ba2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq) → 2H2O(l) + BaSO4 (s)
If 97.0 mL of a 1.30 M solution of LiCl is diluted to 1.50 L, determine the concentration of the new solution.
0.0841 M
Determine which species are the reducing and oxidizing agents in the following reaction:
3PbO(s) + 2NH3 (g) → N2 (g) + 3H2O(l) + 3Pb(s)
Oxidizing agent: PbO (lead II oxide) || Reducing agent: NH3 (ammonia)
What is the mass (in g) of TiO2 formed when 0.476g TiCl4 are reacted with 0.0501g H2O?
TiCl4 + 2 H2O ---> TiO2 + 4 HCl
MM:
H2O - 18g/mol
HCl - 36.46g/mol
TiCl4 - 189.7 g/mol
TiO2 - 79.88 g/mol
0.111g TiO2
If 30.0 g of magnesium hydroxide react with 15.0 g of hydrochloric acid, what mass of water will be produced?
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O
7.41 g H2O
Write the net ionic equation for the reaction when aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrite and silver(II) fluoride are mixed:
Ag2+(aq) + 2F-(aq) + Pb2+(aq) + 2NO2-(aq) → PbF2 (s) + Ag(NO2)2 (s)
What volume of 4.0 M potassium iodide solution is required to react with lead (II) nitrate to yield 89 g of lead (II) iodide?
97 mL
In which of the following compounds does sulfur have the lowest oxidation state?
Na2SO4 || H2S || S8 || S2Cl2 || NaSO3
H2S
The combustion of C3H8O with O2 is represented by this equation.
2C3H8O + 9O2 --->6CO2 + 8H2O
When 3.00g C3H8O and 7.38g of O2 are combined what is the excess reagent and how many moles of that reagent are in solution?
0.006 mol O2