ABGs
The nurse is reviewing a client’s lab values the nurse recognizes which of the following pH values indicates the presence of alkalosis?
Select one:
a. 7.32
b. 7.28
c. 7.47
d. 7.40
c. 7.47
Select one:
a. 60-year-old female with CHF
b. 55-year-old male with COPD
c. 25-year-old male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
d. 28-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus
c. 25-year-old male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
The client’s serum sodium level is 120 mEq/L. What body system is a priority for the nurse to assess?
Select one:
a. Neurological
b. Pulmonary
c. Hepatic
d. Gastrointestinal
a. Neurological
Select one:
a. Zucchini
b. Oranges
c. Green beans
d. Grapes
b. Oranges
While caring for a newly admitted client with fluid and electrolyte imbalances, a nurse would be most concerned by which of the following?
Select one:
a. Blood pressure of 128/60 mm Hg
b. Nausea
c. Urinary output of 300 mL in 8 hours
d. Lung fields with crackles noted bilaterally
d. Lung fields with crackles noted bilaterally
The nurse is providing care for a client whose arterial blood gas results are pH 7.48, CO2 44, HCO3 29. Which conclusion about the client’s condition will the nurse draw from the testing results?
Select one:
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
Select one:
a. Bread
b. Peanut Butter
c. Yogurt
d. Potatoes
c. Yogurt
The nurse receives the client’s most recent blood work results. Which laboratory value is of greatest concern?
Select one:
a. Sodium of 145 mEq/L
b. Calcium of 17.5 mg/dL
c. Potassium of 3.5 mEq/L
d. Chloride of 100 mEq/L
b. Calcium of 17.5 mg/dL
A client receiving furosemide (Lasix) daily is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration and hypokalemia. The client’s IV fluid is 1,000 mL 0.9% normal saline with 20 mEq of potassium chloride infusing at 125 ml/hr. What is most important for the nurse to assess?
Select one:
a. Intravenous site
b. Respiratory rate
c. Food intake
d. Serum potassium
d. Serum potassium
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing excess fluid volume evidenced by significant dependent edema. A 1,000 mL fluid restriction is prescribed. Which nursing intervention is most important?
Select one:
a. Keep the legs lower than the heart
b. Assess extent of edema daily
c. Offer ice chips frequently
d. Provide frequent mouth care
b. Assess extent of edema daily
Arterial blood gases are obtained for the client. The client’s results of pH, 7.48; CO2, 42; HCO3, 32; indicates which one of the following acid-base imbalances?
Select one:
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
c. Respiratory alkalosis
d. Respiratory acidosis
b. Metabolic alkalosis
The nurse is counseling a young female client who is a long-distance runner. Which factor does the nurse recognize as the greatest risk for this client to develop dehydration?
Select one:
a.Females will lose extra fluid volume due to menses.
b.Long distance runners lack the availability of fluids.
c. Sweating and hard breathing will cause fluid loss.
d. Excessive physical activity can cause vomiting and diarrhea
c. Sweating and hard breathing will cause fluid loss.
Which client does the nurse expect to need teaching about the American Heart Association recommendation to limit salt intake to 1,500 mg/d?
Select one:
a. An adolescent client with pneumonia
b. A middle-age client with hypertension
c. A young adult client with an ovarian cyst
d. An adult client with appendicitis
b. A middle-age client with hypertension
A client is receiving hydrochlorothiazide. When evaluating the client’s response hydrochlorothiazide, which common non-therapeutic response is important for the nurse to monitor?
Select one:
a. Elevated blood pressure
b. Dysrhythmias
c. Elevated glucose
d. Impaired airway
b. Dysrhythmias
Which client does the nurse identify as being the most at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Select one:
a. A 90-year-old with frequent headaches
b. A 42-year-old with severe diarrhea
c. A 12-year-old who is moderately active in 80° F weather
d. A 6-month-old learning to drink from a cup
b. A 42-year-old with severe diarrhea
Identify and interpret the following ABG:
pH 7.31
CO2 39
HCO3 19
Select one:
a. Metabolic alkalosis
b. Respiratory acidosis
c. Respiratory alkalosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic acidosis
Select one:
a. Alcohol abuse
b. Metabolic acidosis
c. Diet low in potassium
d. Inadequate vitamin D levels
d. Inadequate vitamin D levels
A nurse monitors the laboratory reports of a client with a fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Which laboratory value should the nurse report to the primary healthcare provider?
Select one:
a. 4.5 mEq/L potassium
b. 5 mEq/L calcium
c. 158 mEq/L sodium
d. 2.5 mEq/L magnesium
c. 158 mEq/L sodium
A client is receiving a potassium-sparing diuretic. For which non-therapeutic effect should the nurse assess the client?
Select one:
a. Dry sticky mucous membranes
b. Hypoactive reflexes
c. Respiratory depression
d. Muscle weakness
d. Muscle weakness
The nurse is caring for a client with a low serum calcium level. Which symptom of hypocalcemia is unexpected by the nurse?
Select one:
a. Tingling around the mouth
b. Muscle twitching
c. Confusion and disorientation
d. Heart rate of 52 beats/min.
d. Heart rate of 52 beats/min.
Identify and interpret the following ABG:
pH 7.59
CO2 30
HCO3 26
Select one:
a. Respiratory acidosis
b. Metabolic acidosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis
d. Respiratory alkalosis
The nurse is caring for multiple adult clients in an acute care setting. The nurse should consider which client to be the most unlikely for an electrolyte imbalance?
Select one:
a. A client with an estimated blood loss of 500 mL due to a traumatic injury
b. A client with third-degree burns to an estimated 30% of the body
c. A client experiencing uncontrollable vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days
d. A client hospitalized for a temperature of 102 degrees after running a marathon
a. A client with an estimated blood loss of 500 mL due to a traumatic injury
Which client would the nurse expect to see a positive Chvostek sign?
Select one:
a. A 50-year-old client admitted for an acute exacerbation of hyperparathyroidism
b. A 24-year-old adult admitted for chronic alcohol abuse
c. A 7-year-old child admitted for severe burns
d. A 75-year-old client admitted for a broken hip related to osteoporosis
b. A 24-year-old adult admitted for chronic alcohol abuse
The client has a sodium level of 131 mEq/L and has been placed on fluid restrictions of 1000 mL per day. What interventions would the nurse include in the plan of care to assist the client in adhering to the fluid restriction? Select all that apply.
Select one or more:
a. Limit frequent oral hygiene for the client.
b. Offer the client fluids in small containers.
c. Provide hard candies for the client to suck on.
d. Provide a moisturizer for the lips and mouth.
e. Remove the water pitcher from the client's bedside.
b. Offer the client fluids in small containers.
d. Provide a moisturizer for the lips and mouth.
e. Remove the water pitcher from the client's bedside.
A nurse is providing care for a client admitted with fluid volume overload. Which of the following would the nurse include in the client’s plan of care? Select all that apply.
Select one or more:
a. Provide low-sodium diet.
b. Assess daily weights.
c. Document intake/output every shift.
d. Provide diuretic therapy as ordered.
e. Administer antidiarrheal medications
b. Assess daily weights.
c. Document intake/output every shift.
d. Provide diuretic therapy as ordered.