Anatomy
angled muscles on either side of the vertebral column
psoas muscles
worm-like structure attached to the cecum
vermiform appendix
What are the 4 quadrants?
RUQ
LUQ
RLQ
LLQ
centering point for AP supine abdomen
iliac crest
Do we have to see pubic symphysis on a decub abdomen?
no
located in the RUQ
function: produces bile
liver
Which kidney sits lower than the other?
Why?
right sits lower due to the large liver on the right
most commonly used palpable landmark
iliac crests (L4-L5)
centering point for an upright abdomen
2 inches above iliac crests
Technique for an AP supine abdomen?
75 kVp @ 32 mAs
organ of the lymphatic system that sores and destroys RBCs?
Located in the LUQ
spleen
the orifice between the distal ilem and cecum
Hint: junction between the small and large intestine
ileocecal valve
bends in the large intestine are called _______
Right and left specific names?
flexures
right colic (hepatic)
left colic (splenic)
breathing instructions for abdominal images?
expiration
technique for an upright abdomen?
75 kVp @ 40 mAs
The three parts of the small intestine are:
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
sits in the "C" loop of the duodenum
what is the function of this organ?
pancreas
produces insulin
The kidneys are part of _________________ system.
urinary
If the left iliac wing is elongated compared to the right what positioning error has occured?
pt is rotated towards the left side
how is the MSP related to the IR for an AP supine abdomen?
MSP perpendicular to IR
List the 4 Accessory Organs
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
spleen
_________ connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver
lesser omentum
the nine regions of the abdomen
right hypochondriac
right lumbar (lateral)
right iliac (inguinal)
epigastric
umbilical
hypogastric (pubic)
Left hypochondriac
left lumbar (lateral)
left iliac (inguinal)
Why do we perform left lateral decub for an abdomen versus a right lateral?
Left lateral
decubitus best
visualizes free
intraperitoneal
air in the area
of the liver in
the right
upper
quadrant
(RUQ) away
from the
gastric
bubble.
Why are abdomen x-rays taken on expiration?
to raise the diaphragm to better visualize the abdominal structures