The _____________________ is responsible for the modification, packaging, and secretion of proteins.
The Golgi Apparatus
100
What are the two major functions of the cell membrane?
1. Allow materials into/out of the cell
2. It acts as a barrier separating the inside and outside environment
100
Explain diffusion.
When materials move from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. It moves with its concentration gradient.
100
What happens if a cell is submerged in an isotonic solution? What happens to the cell's size?
Water flows in and out of the cell equally. Cell stays the same size.
200
List the 3 things that make Eukaryotic cells different from prokaryotic cells.
1. Has a nucleus
2. Has membrane-bound organelles
3. Can be single-celled or multicellular
4. DNA is in the nucleus
200
Which of the cell's organelles are responsible for the movement of materials into or out of a cell?
The Cell Membrane
200
How to the phospholipids arrange themselves within the cell membrane? (3 things)
They arrange themselves as a phospholipid bi-layer (2 layers, like a sandwich).
1. tails facing tails (hydrophobic)
2. heads facing the inside and outside (hydrophillic)
200
What is the MAJOR difference between diffusion and osmosis (remember that osmosis IS diffusion).
Osmosis is dealing with ONLY the transportation of water.
200
Where are the majority of the solutes in a HYPERTONIC solution?
There are more solutes OUTSIDE of the cell. The water moves from an area of higher concentration (inside the cell) to an area of lower concentration (outside the cell)
300
A virus needs a _______________ in order to reproduce.
Host cell
300
The Rough E.R. is responsible for what?
Producing PROTEINS
300
Phospholipids can move around the cell membrane, they are not cemented in place. This ability to move around is often referred to as the ...
fluid mosaic model
300
What is the major difference between passive and active transport?
1. In passive transport NO energy is needed from the cell
2. In active transport the cell needs to use ENERGY to move things across its membrane
300
What happens if a cell is submerged in an HYPOtonic solution? What happens to the cell's size?
Water flows into the cell. The cell increases in size.
400
List three things that ALL cells have in common
DNA, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane
400
What is the function of the chloroplasts in a eukaryotic cell?
It is where photosynthesis occurs.
400
Why is the cell membrane compared more to a fluid than something hard like a wall?
It allows certain materials through its membrane. If it were like cement no materials would be able to enter or exit the cell.
400
Explain active transport.
Materials move AGAINST their concentration gradients. From an area of LOWER concentration to an area of HIGHER concentration.
400
What happens if a cell is submerged in an HYPERtonic solution? What happens to the cell's size?
.
Water flows OUT of the cell. The cell shrinks
500
In order of increasing complexity, organize the following organisms: Eukaryotes, Viruses, Prokaryotes
Viruses, Prokaryotes, Eukaryotes
500
Name three organelles that plant cells have that animal cells do not.
1. Cell Wall
2. Chloroplasts
3. Central Vacuole
500
Draw a cell membrane. Include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Answers will Vary
500
Explain how the Gummy Bear osmosis lab demonstrated passive transport.
No energy was needed for the water to pass through into or out of the gummy bear.
500
If you put a freshwater fish in saltwater, it will ultimately lead to their death. What will happen to them?
They will lose water through osmosis and dehydrate or shrivel