Medications
The patient, age 43, has cystitis with dysuria. She is receiving Pyridium to decrease her pain. Her urine is reddish-orange. What should the nurse do next?
a. Increase fluid intake.
b. Report this immediately.
c. Send a specimen to the laboratory for analysis.
d. Explain to the patient that this is normal.
d. Explain to the patient that this is normal.
When reading a patient’s chart, the nurse notes that the patient has dysuria. To assess whether there is any improvement, which question will the nurse ask?
a. “Do you have any blood in your urine?”
b. “Do you have any pain when you urinate?”
c. “Do you have to urinate very frequently?”
d. “Do you have to get up at night to urinate?”
B. “Do you have any pain when you urinate?”
A patient, age 69, is admitted to the hospital with gross hematuria and history of a 20-pound weight loss during the last 3 months. The physician suspects renal cancer. In obtaining a nursing history from this patient, the nurse recognizes which of the following as a significant risk factor for renal cancer?
Select one:
a. Chronic cystitis
b. Cigarette smoking
c. High caffeine intake
d. Use of artificial sweeteners
b. Cigarette smoking
A patient who is scheduled for an CT with contrast dye tells the nurse the following information. Which information has the most immediate implications for the patient’s care?
Select one:
a. The patient has not had anything to eat or drink for 8 hours.
b. The patient used a bisacodyl (Dulcolax) tablet the previous night.
c. The patient describes allergies to shellfish and penicillin.
d. The patient complains of costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness.
c. The patient describes allergies to shellfish and penicillin.
Which of the following hormones are produced by the kidneys?
Select one:
a. ADH, Cortisol, and Potassium
b. Erythropoietin, Renin, and Calcitriol
c. Calcium, Phosphorus, and Sodium
d. Calcitriol, ADH, and Sodium
b. Erythropoietin, Renin, and Calcitriol
During assessment of a patient with decreased renal function, which of these medications taken by the patient at home will be of most concern to the nurse?
Select one:
a. penicillin (Bicillin LA)
b. folic acid (vitamin B9)
c. ibuprofen (Motrin)
d. warfarin (Coumadin)
c. ibuprofen (Motrin)
Which assessment finding for a patient who has just been admitted with acute pyelonephritis is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
Select one:
a. Complaint of flank pain
b. Blood pressure 88/45 mm Hg
c. Temperature 100.1° F (57.8° C)
d. Foul-smelling urine
b. Blood pressure 88/45 mm Hg
A 26-year-old patient who is employed as a hairdresser and has a 10 pack-year history of cigarette smoking is scheduled for an annual physical examination. The nurse will plan to teach the patient about the increased risk for what complication?
Select one:
a. Pyelonephritis.
b. Renal failure.
c. Bladder cancer.
d. Kidney stones.
c. Bladder cancer.
The nurse informs the patient undergoing cystoscopy that following the procedure, they should expect which of the following?
Select one:
a. NPO for 8 hours to prevent nausea and vomiting.
b. To be on strict bed rest for about 4 to 6 hours.
c. Narcotics will be needed frequently for pain.
d. They may experience blood-tinged urine and urinary frequency.
d. They may experience blood-tinged urine and urinary frequency.
Which of the following statements by the nurse regarding continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) would be of highest priority when teaching a patient new to this procedure?
Select one:
a. “You will need to continue regular medical and nursing follow-up visits while performing CAPD.”
b. “It is important for you to maintain a daily written record of blood pressure and weight.”
c. "It is imperative that you maintain aseptic technique to prevent peritonitis.”
d. “You will be allowed a more liberal protein diet once you are completing CAPD.”
c. "It is imperative that you maintain aseptic technique to prevent peritonitis.”
When a patient is taking a medication that is known to be harmful to the kidneys, how many mL should the nurse inform the patient to increase their fluids?
Select one:
a. 1500-2000 ml/hr.
b. 2000-2500 ml/hr.
c. 3000-3500 ml/hr.
d. 1000-1500 ml/hr.
c. 3000-3500 ml/hr.
A client with chronic renal failure is to begin renal dialysis treatment and asks for advice about which type of dialysis would be best. The client is considering peritoneal dialysis because it is less expensive and has fewer dietary and fluid restrictions. What is the most accurate information for the nurse to provide about peritoneal dialysis?
Select one:
a. It has literally no drawbacks
b. It gives more independence and more closely resembles normal kidney function.
c. It is a lot more work than hemodialysis, in which the health care staff takes care of everything.
d. It usually does not work very well and has many complications, such as a high blood sugar level.
b. It gives more independence and more closely resembles normal kidney function.
To help reduce the incidence of acute glomerulonephritis, public health teaching can stress the importance of which of the following?
Select one:
a. Obtaining a yearly screening urinalysis
b. Early immunizations against streptococcal pneumonia
c. Proper urinary hygiene to prevent cystitis
d. Early treatment of strep throat
d. Early treatment of strep throat
A patient with diabetic nephropathy is admitted for a right renal biopsy. After the biopsy, which of these is an essential nursing action?
Select one:
a. Check blood glucose to assess for hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia.
b. Patient lay on back for 6-24 hours post procedure.
c. Insert a straight catheter to check for gross or microscopic hematuria.
d. Monitor the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine to assess renal function.
b. Patient lay on back for 6-24 hours post procedure.
When the patient has been experiencing frequent renal calculi in addition to the amount and color of the urine. The nurse also understands the next action should be which of the following?
Select one:
a. Add the urine to a 24-hour collector.
b. Strain the urine.
c. Save the urine for physician assessment.
d. Discard the urine.
b. Strain the urine.
The nurse is caring for a client who has received epoetin alfa (Epogen) 2 to 3 weeks prior to a scheduled surgery for anemia. Which statement best explains the goal for Epogen administration prior to surgery?
Select one:
a. The client will have greater numbers of white blood cells (WBCs) following surgery.
b. The client will maintain stable potassium levels during surgery
c. The client will only require a single antibiotic immediately prior to surgery.
d. The client will not require a blood transfusion during surgery
d. The client will not require a blood transfusion during surgery
The client has a reported urine specific gravity of 1.040. Which action by the nurse is best?
Select one:
a. Restrict the client’s fluid intake
b. Obtain a urine culture and sensitivity
c. Increase the client’s fluid intake
d. Place the client on strict bedrest
c. Increase the client’s fluid intake
Which individuals are at increased risk for prerenal acute renal failure (ARF)?
Select one:
a. Individuals who are receiving antibiotics, such as gentamicin
b. Individuals who have vascular changes related to coagulopathies
c. Individuals who experience hypovolemic conditions, such as hemorrhage.
d. Individuals who relate a history of chronic urinary tract obstruction
c. Individuals who experience hypovolemic conditions, such as hemorrhage.
A patient who had a cystoscopy the previous day calls the urology clinic and gives the nurse all the following information. Which statement by the patient should be reported immediately to the health care provider?
Select one:
a. “I did not sleep well last night.”
b. “I have a temperature of 101.”
c. “My urine still looks pink.”
d. “My IV site is still bruised.”
b. “I have a temperature of 101.”
The nurse is admitting a patient with the diagnosis of advanced renal carcinoma. Based upon this diagnosis, the nurse will expect to find which of the following as the "classic triad" of presenting symptoms occurring in patients with renal cancer?
Select one:
a. Fever, chills, flank pain
b. Hematuria, flank pain, palpable mass
c. Hematuria, proteinuria, palpable mass
d. Flank pain, palpable abdominal mass, and proteinuria
b. Hematuria, flank pain, palpable mass
The nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled to undergo hemodialysis. Based on awareness of potential complications, the nurse correctly withholds which medication?
Select one:
a. Paroxetine (Paxil)
b. Lisinopril (Zestril)
c. Famotidine (Pepcid)
d. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
b. Lisinopril (Zestril)
The nurse is instructing a client with diabetes mellitus about peritoneal dialysis. The nurse tells the client that it is important to maintain the prescribed dwell time for the dialysis because of the risk of which complication?
Select one:
a. Peritonitis
b. Hyperglycemia
c. Hyperphosphatemia
d. Disequilibrium syndrome
b. Hyperglycemia
A hemodialysis client with a left arm fistula is at risk for arterial steal syndrome. The nurse monitors this client for which signs/symptoms of this disorder?
Select one:
a. Pallor, diminished pulse, and pain in the left hand
b. Warmth, redness, and pain in the left hand
c. Edema and purpura of the left arm
d. Aching pain, pallor, and edema of the left arm
a. Pallor, diminished pulse, and pain in the left hand
While interpreting laboratory reports, which of the following would the nurse identify as suggesting a decrease in renal function?
Select one:
a. BUN, 11.5 mg/dL
b. Serum creatinine, 2.9 mg/dL.
c. Serum creatinine, 0.8 mg/dL
d. BUN, 15 mg/dL
b. Serum creatinine, 2.9 mg/dL.
The patient is scheduled for a cystogram via a cystoscope. Which of the following is the best explanation of this procedure by the nurse?
Select one:
a. “Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder and inject a dye into your kidneys through little catheters inserted into the ureters.”
b. “Your doctor will inject a dye into a vein in your arm that is carried to the urinary system. Then a lighted tube in your bladder is used to see when the dye appears.”
c. “Your doctor will place a catheter into an artery in your groin and inject a dye that will visualize the blood supply to the kidneys.”
d. “Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder through your urethra, inspect the bladder, and instill a dye that will outline your bladder on x-ray film.”
b. “Your doctor will insert a lighted tube into the bladder through your urethra, inspect the bladder, and instill a dye that will outline your bladder on x-ray film.”