Easy
The type of reactions that require the addition of energy are ______.
Anabolic Reactions
What is the function of enzymes?
To control rate of metabolic reactions
What is the definition of catabolism?
Production of ATP
Break down of large molecules
Synthesis of protein molecules using DNA and RNA
Building large molecules from smaller molecules
Break down of large molecules
A(n) ____ is considered a catalyst because it accelerates chemical reactions.
Enzyme
By definition, ______ is the capacity to change something. It is the ability to do work.
Energy
Vitamins are common examples of _____ which aid enzyme activation.
coenzymes
How is ADP converted to ATP?
Addition of a phosphate group to ADP
What is the meaning of the term glycolysis?
Breaking down glucose
A regulatory enzyme that controls an entire pathway is called a(n) ______ enzyme.
rate-limiting
When a chemical bond is broken, _____ is released.
energy
One molecule of adenosine triphosphate contains how many phosphate groups?
3
Where would a peptide bond be found?
Between a fatty acid and glycerol in a triglyceride
Between two nucleotides in DNA
Between two glucose molecules in glycogen
Between two amino acids in a protein
Between two amino acids in a protein
Rate-limiting enzymes are typically the ______ enzyme in a metabolic pathway.
First
What is the definition of the term genome?
The total of all polypeptide chains produced using the genetic instructions within DNA
The segment of genetic instructions that codes for the production of one polypeptide chain
The complete set of genetic instructions for an organism
The complete set of genetic instructions for an organism
Where is chemical energy held within a molecule?
Within chemical bonds
_______, one of the three phases of cellular respiration, occurs in the cytosol.
glycolysis
During cellular respiration, acetyl CoA is the compound that enters the pathway called _____.
citric acid cycle
Using the genetic code (DNA base sequence) to build mRNA occurs during the process of ______.
Transcription
What effect can exposure to heat, electricity, or radiation have on an enzyme molecule?
Denaturation of enzyme
What is the term for the energy required to start a chemical reaction?
activation energy
a. UUGCACGGA
b. ATCGGTCCAG
c. TTGCACGGA
c. TTGCACGGA
Following cell division, each newly formed cell needs to have the same genetic information (DNA) as the original cell. What process allows this to happen?
DNA replication
Within an ATP molecule, which of these chemical bonds contains the most energy?
Bond between the second and third phosphate groups
During the metabolic pathway called cellular respiration, pyruvic acid is the product of the process called ______.
glycolysis
Producing a protein based on the base-order of an mRNA occurs during the process of ____.
Translation