Infections of eye II
The inflammation of the the lacrimal sac, caused by an obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct and the causes
What is Dacryocystitis?
What is incomplete canalization of the nasolacrimal duct or infection?
How to assess pupil dilation
This type of diagnostic test involves a handheld device that measures the pressure within the eye, is similar in shape to a pencil. it records eye pressure.
How is myotopia corrected?
What is concave lenses used in myopia spread the light out before it reaches the lens of the ye, allowing the image to fall directly on the retina?
The difference between bacterial conjunctivitis and viral
What is purulent or exudate discharge found in bacterial conjunctivitis, whereas viral infection causes a watery discharge of the eye
The most susceptible group that frequents has Dacryocystitis
What is newborns?
This is used to assess functional symmetry of extraocular muscles
What is the corneal reflection?
This instrument has a high intensity light source, that shines light into the eye, and provides a magnified view of the eye structures in detail.
What is slit lamp examination?
(eyes anterior structures, which include the sclera, conjunctiva, iris, lens, and cornea)
How is hyperopia corrected?
What is convex lenses, used in hyperopia focus the light on the lens of the eye, causing the image to land directly on the retina?
What bacterial conjunctivitis and viral have in common
What is foreign body's in the eye, a red, teary eye, or photophobia. (The eye may be glued shut because of discharge and is usually itchy and edematous with pinpoint subconjunctival hemorrhages
Signs and symptoms of Dacryocystitis
Treatments of Dacryocystitis
Diagnosis of Dacryocystitis
What is painful lacrimal sac, red, swollen. eye becomes red and watery and oozes purulent exudate, fever
What is antibiotics, and warm compresses. the diagnostics include physical examination and blood cultures.
What is using a complete funduscopic examination of the patients retina. this examination requires an ophthalmoscope that shines a bright beam of light through the patients pupil.
* Note The red reflex is the reflection of the retina that can be seen when shining light directly on the eye from a distance. it is best seen in a darkened room. after capturing the red reflex, the clinician needs to slowly advance toward the patient; finally, when head to head, the clinician looks into the patients pupil for a blood vessel.
Cataracts occurs when
What is excessive growth of the epithelial layers of the eye lens?(The lens becomes thickened, with less transparency and flexibility. They commonly affect older adults because lens thickening is a physiological change associated with advantaging age.
How is astigmatism corrected?
What is a cylindrical curve in the corrective lens compensates for the eye's abnormal shape?
Diagnosis of conjunctivitis
What is culture of exudate is done with severe infections and slit lamp examination is necessary if corneal involvement is present.
*Note is associated with autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematous, cause can be unknown also)
What is examination for color, continuity and lesions. blond vessels should have clear, smooth borders. The ratio of artery to vein diameter should be approx 2:3.
Patho of Cataracts
What is the epithelial cells lose the ability to degenerate as new layers of cells proliferate and accumulate. the increased thickness of the lens makes it less able to accommodate.
The conditions that LASIK can correct
What is myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism
(LASIK is performed by using a laser to reshape the cornea to enhance vision).
How Conjunctivitis is treated
What is a broad spectrum, topical, ocular antibiotic is commonly prescribed for bacterial infection.
In both, patients should be discouraged from touching their eyes and should limit direct contact with others until treatment is underway. All bed linens should be thoroughly laundered in hot water. Frequent hand washing is essential.
The meaning of subconjunctival Hemorrhage and its other names
Symptoms and treatment
What is a small blood conjunctival hemorrhage occurs when a small blood vessel breaks open and bleeds near the surface of the white of the eye?
What is 'injected sclera" or "bloodshot eyes"?
What is increase in pressure, such as violent sneezing or coughing, and high blood pressure or blood thinners.
*Note there is no treatment because eventually the body absorbs the blood.
How to assess blood vessels
What is opthosmscope should be moved laterally on the retina for observation of the macula: a red area without any blood vessels. The macula is an area of central vision that can undergo degeneration with ae. The fovea is the central region of the macula?
Symptoms of cataracts
diagnosis of cataracts
Treatments of cataracts
What is blurry vision, seeing halos at night around bright objects or sensitive to glares. The red reflex, which is a reflection of the retina seen on funduscopic examination, is duller than normal in the presence of a cataract?
What is a full opthalmic examination, which includes dilated eye examination, visual acuity, and tonometry, is recommended.
what is surgery?
The purpose of a PRK or a photorefractive keratectomy
What is advanced surface ablation?
Patho of allergic conjunctivitis
What is the palpebral conjunctiva becomes inflamed and swollen with a cobble stone appearance. Individuals have tearing and redness of the eye with intense itching. Diagnosis is made from the clinical examination and history.