Senses
The process of detecting and encoding stimulus energies by the sensory receptors and the nervous system is called
What is sensation?
The process by which sensory input is organized and interpreted
What is perception?
Define Classical Conditioning
What is the type of learning in which one comes to associate two stimuli and anticipate events
Define Operant Conditioning
What is the type of learning in which behavior becomes more probable if followed by a reinforcer and less probable if followed by a punisher?
The acquisition of mental information by observing events, watching others, or through language
What is cognitive learning?
Bottom-up processing involves analysis that begins with
What are sensory receptors?
Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes is called
What is top-down processing?
This person conducted the first experimental studies of associative learning
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
Any event or situation that evokes a response
What is a stimulus?
The reappearance, after a time-lapse, of an extinguished CR is called
What is spontaneous recovery?
Name the 4 basic sensations of touch
What are pressure, pain, warmth, and cold?
Perceiving food as less expensive when hungry is an example of perception being influenced by
What is motivation?
According to classical conditioning, sweating on a hot day or salivating to food are examples of
What is an unconditioned response?
An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior closer and closer towards a desired behavior
What is shaping?
The ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus is called
What is discrimination?
Name the 3 steps basic to all sensory systems
What is receiving, transforming and delivering information to the brain?
Scary music making a scene in a movie feel more threatening is an example of perception being influenced by this
What is emotion?
Respondent behavior is defined as
What is an automatic response to some stimulus?
A chamber containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a reward is called
What is a Skinner box?
The desire to perform an activity for the sake of its own enjoyment
What is intrinsic motivation?
Name the 5 sensations of taste
What are bitter, sweet, sour, salty and umami?
The minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time is called
What is absolute threshold?
In classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus signals that _____ is about to occur
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
Being paid after every 5 actions is _______________ reinforcement; being paid each time a sale is made regardless of the number of tries is ______________ reinforcement.
What is fixed-ratio? / What is variable-ratio?
Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it is called
What is Latent learning?