Ch 5 Dosage Forms, Routes of Administration

Key Terms

100

Nonprescription drugs that are kept behind the pharmacy counter

Behind-the-counter (BSC)

200

Route of administration by way of the intestine (orally, rectally, sublingually)

enteral

300

Process by which the body breaks down or converts medications to active or inactive substances - primarily done in the liver

Metabolism

400

Movement of a medication throughout the blood, organs, and tissues after administration

Distribution

500

Degree to which a drug or other substance becomes available to the target tissue after administration

Bioavailability 

600

Process in which a portion of the drug dose is metabolized before the drug has a chance to be distributed systemically

First-Pass Effect

700

Term used to describe a medication that is usually given by injection into a vein, the skin, or muscle that bypasses the GI system

Parenteral

800

Time required for a chemical to be decreased by half

Half-Life

900

Study of absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination of drugs

Pharmacokinetics

Abbreviations

100

PO

by mouth

200

IV

intravenous

300

Ung, oint

Ointment

400

Supp

suppository

500

ID

intradermal

600

INH

inhalant

700

OU

Both eyes

800

SL

sublingual

900

AS

Left ear

Dosage Forms

100

Small solid particles are suspended in a base solution

Suspensions

200

Form where ingredients are pressed together tightly

Tablets

300

Placed under the tongue

Sublingual

400

Meant to be dissolved between the teeth and cheek

Buccal

500

Most tablets can be cut along this line to help the tablet break easily

Split line/Score line

600

Meant to melt with body heat - can be given rectally, vaginally, or urethrally

Suppositories

700

Medications may contain a coating to help prevent:

irritation to the stomach lining

800

Placed on top of the tongue

Oral disintegrating tablets (ODT)

900

Solute is completed dissolved in a solvent

Solutions

Liquids

100

This liquid dosage form contains medication that is completely dissolved in liquid

Solution 

200

This liquid dosage form looks cloudy and not all particles are dissolved 

Suspension 

300

"Shake Well" labels are needing to be placed on this type of liquid medication 

Suspension 

400

This sweet, sugar based liquid medication contains fully dissolved medication 

Syrup

500

This liquid medication contains water and alcohol

Elixir 

600

this process involves adding water to powdered antibiotics 

Reconstitution 

700

These highly concentrated alcohol based preparations must be stored in dark bottles and placed under the tongue 

Tinctures 

800

These alcohol based preparations have a strong smell and evaporate quickly

Spirits 

900

After reconstitution many antibiotics are only stable for ______ to ______ days

10; 14

Misc.

100

This semisolid contains oil and water and rubs easily into the skin 

Cream

200

Metabolism mainly takes place in the:

Liver

300

This semisolid contains more water than creams and spreads easily over large areas

Lotion

400

This semisolid has a thick greasy petroleum base

Ointment 

500

This semisolid absorbs quickly and does not leave oily residu

Gel

600

This semisolid is very thick and can absorb secretions

Paste 

700

This dosage form is NOT considered a semisolid even though it is applied topically

Powder

800

Drugs are mainly excreted via this organ

Kidneys

900

These medications dry into a flexible film and are highly flammable 

Collodions