Evolution creating diversity
the random mistake in a gene sequence that leads to genetic diversity
mutation
just the abiotic conditions under which an organism can survive and reproduce
fundamental niche
The complete set of genes in an individual
The number of species in a given area
species richness
Very rapid evolution occurs through
artificial selection
These five things are required for Natural Selection to work
What are overproduction of offspring, variation among individuals, competition for limited resources, successful competitors surviving and reproducing, and repeat processing every generation and life with adapt to environment
Giant pandas are an example of this
niche specialist
The science of determining evolutionary relationships among organisms
What is phylogeny
The index that measures an area's species richness by counting the proportion of each species out of the total number of organisms
Shannon biodiversity index
Speciation as a result of geographic isolation
allopatric speciation
Give the three examples of genetic drift
What are gene flow, Founder Effect and Bottleneck Effect
A trash panda (racoon) is an example of this
niche generalist
The evolution that happens as a species level or lower
Microevolution
The variety within an ecosystem
ecosystem diversity
Identify the three types of speciation that can occur
behavioral, geographic, and reproductive (temporal)
adaptation to the environment to promote fitness in six ways
survival and reproduction 1) deal with limiting factors of environmental resistance 2) obtain food (nutrients) and water 3) avoid/escape predators 4) resist parasites and disease 5) attract mates (or pollinate) 6) migrate (or disperse seeds
The limits to the abiotic conditions that a species can tolerate
range of tolerance
mass extinction
Variety within a species
Species diversity
Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Most speciation is thought to occur via allopatric speciation.
(b) Polyploidy is an example of sympatric speciation.
(c) Speciation can be caused by either natural selection or random processes.
(d) Geographic isolation can eventually lead to reproductive isolation.
(e) Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation.
Speciation cannot occur without geographic isolation.
The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) was once hunted to near extinction. Only 20 animals remained alive in 1890. After the species was protected from hunting, its population grew to nearly 30,000 animals, but the large population possesses very low genetic variation. Which of processes is the best interpretation of this scenario?
bottleneck effect
What can alter or lead to change in distribution of species
Name three difficulties with estimating biodiversity of an ecosystem
some species are difficult to find
some species are nocturnal
Some live in inaccessible locations
the change in genetic composition of a population through random events such as mating and production of offspring
genetic drift