Name one way American Indian women were important in the fur trade
They were....
pelt preparers
married traders
interpreters
1
Name 3 things (besides furs) that Europeans needed to survive in the wilderness of Minnesota?
food (wild rice, maple sugar, meat), guides, interpreters, canoes
1
Dakota or Ojibwe person who helped traders find their way through unfamiliar lands
guide
1
What season did the rendezvous take place in Grand Portage?
Summer
1
Why did the fur trade begin in Minnesota?
Europeans over-hunted animals in Europe and found animals to hunt in Minnesota.
2
Europeans and Fur Traders traded to make__________, whereas Natives traded to get things they needed or wanted
money....or a profit
2
How would Native Americans and European traders communicate if they could not speak each others' languages?
They used interpreters
2
who kept track of accounts, supervised trade and managed the day-to-day business at the trading post?
clerk
2
In which season did the hunting/trapping of animals take place because their furs were thick?
Winter
2
What were the name of the mixed-race European and Native American children?
the Metis
3
Name at least 3 European trade goods that the Natives wanted or needed...(Hint: think about the items you traded when we had the Fur Trade activity in class)
Metal objects (Kettles, traps, musket balls, guns, knives, axes...)
Cotton or wool (Blankets, shirts, pants)
Tobacco
Gun powder
3
During the 200 year fur trade the Fur Traders and Companies became very ___________________, while the Natives became very ______________.
During the 200 year fur trade the Fur Traders and Companies became very RICH while the Natives became very POOR.
3
The clerk's boss
trader
3
What season caused depression for voyageurs?
Winter
3
Europeans valued expensive beaver felt hats as a symbol of _________ ____________
social status
4
Name one European country involved in the Fur Trade
France
Great Britain (England)
4
How did European traders use Native American traditions to support business?
Generosity - They gave gifts to strengthen relationships
Kinship - Traders married Native American women, becoming part of her family and gaining more customers
4
who provided goods,food and canoes to the Europeans so they could survive the Minnesota winters?
Native American suppliers
4
What season did voyageurs paddle from Montreal to Grand Portage hauling trade goods
Spring
4
Around what year or decade did the fur trade end in Minnesota?
The fur trade ended around the 1850's
50000
How did the Native Americans "pay" for the European goods?
They used the credit system.
50000
Why were trading posts and exchange posts located near rivers and lakes?
It was easy to transfer furs and goods by water (using canoes and ships)
50000
Why did the hunters mostly trap in the winter?
the animals had the thickest fur (which was more valuable to the Europeans)
50000
Name TWO (2) of the fur trading companies that did business in Minnesota.
The Northwest Company
The American Fur Company
The XY Company
50000
How did the Fur Trade change the CULTURE of the Native Americans?
Native Americans began living differently than they had in the past. They went from living off the land and animals to relying on the Europeans to give them trade goods.