Byzantine Civilization
Constantinople
Roman Catholic Church
Lombards, Slavs, Bulgars, Sassanids, Muslims, Venetian merchants, Seljuk Turks, Ottoman Turks
Foreign invaders of Byzantine Empire
Swedish Norsemen that terrorized Slavic villages
Varangians
The Hebrews followed Isaac, and the Arabs followed this person
the sacred book of the Muslims
the Quran
Abu Bakr
The three names for Constantinople
Queen of the Mediterranean
Byzantium
New Rome
Eastern Orthodox Church
Largest ethnic group that lived in early Russia
Slavs
center of the early Russian state
Kiev
nomads that roamed the desert
these four individuals were considered prophets of Allah, but less than Muhammad
Noah, Abraham, David, and Jesus
holy war
jihad
Justinian I
ruler who married Theodora
To punish an individual by depriving him of sacraments and excluding him from the church
Excommunication
known as the Bulgar Slayer for crushing the Bulgars in the Balkan region
Basil II
gained control of Novgorod in 862, marking the beginning of Russian history
Islam was founded by Muhammad, who experienced this.
the angel Gabriel coming to Muhammad in a vision to give a divine revelation
the 1st pillar of Islam
Shahadah- "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet."
moved the capital from Medina to Damascus
Umayyad Caliphate
The turning point of Justinian's reign
The Nika Revolt
allowed the marriage of priests
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Seljuk Turks defeated the Byzantine army at this battle
Battle of Manzikert
adopted Eastern orthodoxy in 988 making it the official state religion
Vladimir I
the notion that there was only one god- Allah
The basis of Islam
the 2nd pillar of Islam
Salat- prayer up to five times a day facing Mecca
overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate
Preservation of the Roman legal system and foundation for future legal systems
Justinian Code
Popes in the west
Byzantine missionaries to Slavic tribes
Cyril and Methodius
these people formed the Slavic alphabet, which allowed the Greek classics to be translated into Russian
Cyril and Methodius
Muhamma's "flight" when he left Mecca after persecution
Hegira
3rd pillar of Islam
Zakat- alms or money given to the poor
This battle marked the stop of the spread of Islam in Europe
Battle of Tours
Marked the golden age of the Byzantine empire
Justinian's reign
used statues or realistic art
churches in the west
inlaid pieces of glass or stone in wet cement or plaster
Mosaics
Kiev reached the height of its power and prestige under this ruler
Yaroslav the Wise
The result of Muhammad destroying all the idols of the Kabah (except the Black Stone)
the Kabah being transformed into the center of Islamic worship
4th pillar of Islam
Sawm- required fast during the month of Ramadan
best example of Muslim architecture
mosque
finest example of Byzantine architecture
Hagia Sophia
Best example of Byzantine architecture
Hagia Sophia
Kiev became known as this under Yaroslav the Wise
Mother of Russian cities
the result of those who did not convert to Islam
Death
5th pillar of Islam
Hajj- pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your lifetime.
art of beautiful handwriting
calligraphy