Ch. 7.4 Skeletal System Key Terms
forms the extremities and is composed of the shoulder girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bone
Appendicular skeleton
the long shaft
diaphysis
sofr spots
fontanels
a cavity in the diaphysis
medullary canal
3 on each finger and 2 on the thumb" (for the arm) / "2 on the great toe and 3 on each of the other 4 toes (for the leg)
phalanges
forms the main trunk of the body and is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, and breastbone
axial skeleton
a membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact
endosteum
openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone
foramina
a palm of the hand
metacarpals
lower arm on thumb side that rotates around the ulna to allow the hand to turn freely
radius
wrist
carpals
the two extremities, or ends
epiphysis
upper arm
humerus
coxal, or hip, bones
os coxae
produces red blood cells (erythrocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and some white blood cells (leukocytes)
red marrow
collarbones
clavicles
thigh
femur
areas where two or more bones join together
joints
kneecap
patella
attach to the thoracic vertebrae on the dorsal surface of the body.
the spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain
the slender smaller bone of the lower leg that attaches to the proximal end of the tibia
fibula
Connective tissue bands
ligaments
a tough membrane
periosteum
shoulder bones
scapulas