Ch. 7.4 Skeletal System Key Terms
forms & the extremities and is composed of the shoulder. girdle, arm bones, pelvic girdle, and leg bones.
appendicular skeleton
The long shaft
diaphysis
are made of membrane and cartilage, and turn into solid bone by approximately 18 months of age.
fontanels
a cavity in the diaphysis. It is filled with yellow marrow, which is mainly a storage area for . fat cells. Yellow marrow also contains cells that form leukocytes, or white blood cells.
medullary canal
The outside of bone is covered with a of tough membrane
periosteum
forms the main trunk of the body.com and is composed of the skull, spinal column, ribs, $) and breastbone.
axial skeleton
a membrane that lines the medullary canal and keeps the yellow marrow intact
Endosteum
are openings in bones that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone.
foramina
palm of the hand
metacarpals
the great toe, figure, thumb
phalanges
8
Carpals
the two extremities, or ends, are each called
Epiphysis
upper arm
humerus
instep of foot
metatarsals
lower arm on thumb side that rotates around the ulna to allow the hand to turn freely
radius
are attached to the manubrium by ligaments, the 2 collarbones
clavicles
thigh
femur
are areas where two or more bones join together
joints
is made of three fused sections: the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis
os coxae
found in certain bones, such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and cranium, and in the proximal ends of the humerus and femur. where a process known as hematopoiesis
red marrow
the spherical structure that surrounds and protects the brain
cranium
the slender smaller bone of the lower leg that attaches to the proximal end of the tibia
fibula
Connective tissue bands, called -----, help hold long bones together at joints.
ligaments
kneecap
patella
attached to the sternum with costal cartilages to form a "cage" that protects the heart and lungs.
ribs