Ch. 7.5 Muscular System
Abduction
moving a body part away from the midline
Contracture
a severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint
Extension
increasing the angle between two bones or straightening a body part
muscle tone
state of partial contraction
Rotation
turning a body part around its own axis
Adduction
moving a body part toward the midline
Dorsiflexion
bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee
Fascia
a tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue
muscular system
a system made up of 600 muscles
skeletal muscle
attached to bones and causes body movement
cardiac muscle
forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood
elasticity
allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched
Flexion
decreasing the angle between two bones or bending a body part
Origin
the end that doesn’t move when a muscle is attached to a bone
Supination
turning a body part upward
Circumduction
moving in a circle at a joint or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary
excitability
irritability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse
insertion
end that moves when the muscle contracts
plantar flexion
bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee
Tendons
a cord that attaches a bone to a muscle
contractibility
muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves contract or become short and thick which causes movement
Extensibility
ability of muscle tissue to be stretched or lengthened beyond its resting length without being damaged
Involuntary
muscles that contract without conscious thought or control
Pronation
turning a body part downward
visceral muscle
found in the internal organs of the body - causes movement in organs