Ch. 7.5 Muscular System Key terms
What is Abduction?
Moving a body part away from the midline
What is Adduction?
Moving a body part toward the midline
What is a Cardiac Muscle?
Forms walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood.
What is Circumduction?
Moving in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary, such as swinging an arm in a circle
What is Contractibility?
Muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves contract, or become short and thick, which causes movement
What is Contracture?
A severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint
What is Dorsiflexion?
Bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee
What is Elasticity?
Allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched
What is Excitability?
Irritability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse
What is Extensibility?
The ability to be stretched
What is Extension?
Increasing the angle between two bones, or straightening a body part
What is Fascia?
A tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue
What is Flexion?
Decreasing the angle between two bones, or bending a body part
What is Insertion?
The end that moves when the muscle contracts
What is Involuntary?
Function without conscious thought or control
What is Muscle Tone?
State of partial contraction
What is the Muscular System?
600 muscles make up the system
What is the Origin?
The end does not move
What is Plantar Flexion?
Bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee
What is Pronation?
Turning a body part downward
What is Rotation?
Turning a body part around its own axis
What is Skeletal Muscle?
Attached to bones and causes body movement
What is Supination?
Turning a body part upward
What are Tendons?
Strong, tough, fibrous connective-tissue cords
What is a Visceral Muscle?
Contracts to cause movement in the internal organs of the body