Ch. 7.5 Muscular System Key terms
moving a body part away from the midline
What is abduction?
moving a body part toward the midline
What is adduction?
forms the walls of the heart and contracts to circulate blood
What is the cardiac muscle?
moving in a circle at a joint, or moving one end of a body part in a circle while the other end remains stationary, such as swinging an arm in a circle
What is circumduction?
muscle fibers that are stimulated by nerves contract, or become short and thick, which causes movement
What is contractability?
a severe tightening of a flexor muscle resulting in bending of a joint
What is contracture?
bending backward or bending the foot toward the knee
What is dorsiflexion?
allows the muscle to return to its original shape after it has contracted or stretched
What is elasticity?
irritability, the ability to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve impulse
What is excitability?
the ability to be stretched
What is extensibility?
increasing the angle between two bones, or straightening a body part
What is an extension?
a tough, sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the tissue
What is fascia?
decreasing the angle between two bones, or bending a body part
What is flextion?
The end that moves when the muscle contracts
What is insertion?
meaning they function without conscious thought or control
What is involuntary?
This state of partial contraction... and is sometimes described as a state of readiness to act
More than 600 muscles make up the system known as the muscular system.
What is the muscular system?
the end that does not move
What is the origin?
bending forward or bending the foot away from the knee
What is plantar flexion?
turning a body part downward
What is pronation?
turning a body part around its own axis; for example, turning the head from side to side
is attached to bones and causes body movement
What is the skeletal muscle?
turning a body part upward
What is supination?
which are strong, tough, fibrous connective-tissue cords
What are tendons?
is found in the internal organs of the body, such as those of the digestive and respiratory systems, and the blood vessels and eyes
What is the visceral (smooth) muscle?