Ch. 7.6 Nervous System Key Terms
contains the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, which work together to control involuntary body functions.
autonomic nervous system
the largest and highest section of the brain and is responsible for reasoning, thought, memory, judgment, speech, sensation, sight, smell, hearing, and voluntary body movement.
Cerebrum
the section located below the cerebrum at the top of the brainstem. It is responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes.
Midbrain
consists of the nerves and has two divisions: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system carries messages between the CNS and the body.
peripheral nervous system
acts as a relay center and directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum. It also allows conscious recognition of pain and temperature.
Thalamus
interprets this information and then immediately directs the correct response
Brain
the section located between the cerebrum and midbrain.
Diencephalon
are a combination of many nerve fibers located outside the brain and spinal cord
Nerves
the section located below the midbrain and in the brainstem
Pons
are filled with a clear, colorless fluid called cerebrospinal fluid
Ventricles
consists of the brain and spinal cord.
central nervous system:
Regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, and blood vessel constriction and dilation. It is also involved in emotions such as anger, fear, pleasure, pain, and affection.
Hypothalamus
is a complex, highly organized system that coordinates all the activities of the body.
nervous system
consists of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and their branches, and 31 pairs of spinal nerves and their branches.
somatic nervous system
the section below the back of the cerebrum. It is responsible for muscle coordination, balance, posture, and muscle tone.
Cerebellum
the lowest part of the brainstem. It connects with the spinal cord and is responsible for regulating heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure.
medulla oblongata
The basic structural unit of the nervous system
Neuron
is responsible for many reflex actions and for carrying sensory (afferent) messages up to the brain and motor (efferent) messages from the brain to the nerves that go to the muscles and glands
spinal cord
The ventricles are filled with a clear, colorless fluid
cerebrospinal fluid
are three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.
Meninges
counteracts the actions of the sympathetic system by slowing heart rate, decreasing respiration, lowering blood pressure, and increasing activity in the digestive tracts inside a paralyzed body
Parasympathetic
prepares the body to act by increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, and by slowing activity in the digestive tract.
Sympathetic